Early English Printed Sermons


The crown of righteousness. Set forth in a sermon preached at Stephens Walbrook, May 1. 1656. At the funeral of Thomas Hodges Esquire. / By Thomas Watson, minister of Stephens Walbrook, in the citie of London.

Watson, Thomas, d. 1686
Publisher: Printed for Joseph Crawford at the signe of the Kings Head in Pauls Church yard
Place of Publication: London
Publication Year: 1656
Approximate Era: Interregnum
TCP ID: A96098 ESTC ID: R207285 STC ID: W1120
Subject Headings: Bible. -- N.T. -- Timothy, 2nd IV, 8; Funeral sermons; Hodges, Thomas, d. 1656; Sermons, English -- 17th century;
View the Full Text of Relevant Sections



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 10.6% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 5.8% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 87.3% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.5% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 1.9% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 11.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 3.1% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.5% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.5% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.833
Evenness: 0.931
Part Prominence
New Testament (Geneva) 13.942
New Testament (AKJV) 12.572
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.525
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.964
Old Testament (Geneva) -1.601
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.688
New Testament (ODRV) -2.804
Old Testament (AKJV) -3.713
Diversity: 0.973
Evenness: 0.986
Book Prominence
2 Timothy (Geneva) 6.041
2 Timothy (AKJV) 5.851
Esther (Geneva) 2.076
Esther (AKJV) 2.032
2 Samuel (Geneva) 1.903
Romans (Vulgate) 1.889
Canticles (AKJV) 1.887
1 Samuel (Geneva) 1.885
2 Peter (Tyndale) 1.87
1 Kings (AKJV) 1.847
Philippians (Tyndale) 1.716
1 John (Tyndale) 1.679
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.677
Titus (AKJV) 1.674
Ephesians (Tyndale) 1.644
Galatians (Geneva) 1.644
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 1.633
Revelation (AKJV) 1.593
Revelation (ODRV) 1.575
1 John (AKJV) 1.528
James (AKJV) 1.482
Galatians (AKJV) 1.456
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.42
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.379
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.379
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.373
John (Geneva) 1.258
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.255
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.233
Luke (Geneva) 1.229
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.197
Ephesians (AKJV) 1.177
Job (AKJV) 1.134
Hebrews (AKJV) 1.1
John (ODRV) 1.072
Luke (AKJV) 0.93
Psalms (ODRV) 0.917
Romans (ODRV) 0.877
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.845
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.724
Romans (Geneva) 0.668
Matthew (AKJV) 0.613
Romans (AKJV) 0.285
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 0.989
Chapter Prominence
2 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 5.372
2 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 5.361
2 Samuel 2 (Geneva) 1.816
1 Samuel 22 (Geneva) 1.815
Esther 6 (Geneva) 1.812
Proverbs 9 (Geneva) 1.807
Esther 6 (AKJV) 1.804
Canticles 8 (AKJV) 1.802
1 Kings 1 (AKJV) 1.802
Ecclesiastes 4 (Geneva) 1.796
Revelation 19 (AKJV) 1.794
John 19 (Geneva) 1.794
Psalms 36 (ODRV) 1.793
Psalms 8 (ODRV) 1.793
Luke 19 (Geneva) 1.789
Luke 20 (AKJV) 1.789
Isaiah 28 (AKJV) 1.786
Ecclesiastes 2 (AKJV) 1.778
Romans 8 (Vulgate) 1.77
Romans 4 (ODRV) 1.767
2 Peter 2 (Tyndale) 1.765
Luke 17 (AKJV) 1.762
1 Timothy 5 (AKJV) 1.759
Revelation 3 (ODRV) 1.758
Proverbs 3 (Geneva) 1.758
Ephesians 1 (Tyndale) 1.755
Proverbs 27 (AKJV) 1.754
Romans 15 (AKJV) 1.747
Job 21 (AKJV) 1.733
Romans 3 (Geneva) 1.732
Philippians 1 (Tyndale) 1.728
Ephesians 6 (AKJV) 1.728
2 Corinthians 4 (Geneva) 1.72
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 1.718
John 1 (ODRV) 1.717
Proverbs 16 (AKJV) 1.706
2 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 1.697
Galatians 5 (Geneva) 1.69
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 1.686
1 John 4 (Tyndale) 1.682
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 1.678
James 1 (AKJV) 1.673
Titus 2 (AKJV) 1.661
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 1.65
Galatians 5 (AKJV) 1.65
1 John 3 (AKJV) 1.649
Hebrews 10 (AKJV) 1.641
Ephesians 5 (AKJV) 1.632
Romans 6 (Geneva) 1.631
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 1.619
Romans 6 (AKJV) 1.615
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.989
Verse Prominence
2 Timothy 4.8 (Geneva) 5.152
2 Timothy 4.8 (AKJV) 5.146
Isaiah 28.1 (AKJV) 1.724
2 Samuel 2.26 (Geneva) 1.724
Canticles 8.2 (AKJV) 1.724
1 Timothy 5.15 (AKJV) 1.724
Psalms 8.6 (ODRV) 1.723
Esther 6.8 (Geneva) 1.723
Matthew 25.24 (AKJV) 1.723
1 Samuel 22.7 (Geneva) 1.723
Revelation 19.16 (AKJV) 1.723
Proverbs 9.6 (Geneva) 1.723
Luke 19.19 (Geneva) 1.723
John 19.40 (Geneva) 1.723
Romans 8.23 (Vulgate) 1.722
Romans 3.10 (Geneva) 1.722
John 1.13 (ODRV) 1.722
Proverbs 27.24 (AKJV) 1.722
Ecclesiastes 4.9 (Geneva) 1.722
1 Kings 1.39 (AKJV) 1.722
Ephesians 6.14 (AKJV) 1.722
Esther 6.3 (AKJV) 1.722
Psalms 36.2 (ODRV) 1.721
Ephesians 1.6 (Tyndale) 1.721
Romans 4.4 (ODRV) 1.721
Esther 6.6 (Geneva) 1.721
Proverbs 3.17 (Geneva) 1.72
Luke 20.47 (AKJV) 1.72
2 Peter 2.2 (Tyndale) 1.719
Romans 15.13 (AKJV) 1.718
1 John 3.1 (AKJV) 1.718
Ecclesiastes 2.2 (AKJV) 1.717
1 Thessalonians 5.23 (AKJV) 1.716
Revelation 3.15 (ODRV) 1.716
James 1.12 (AKJV) 1.715
Proverbs 16.31 (AKJV) 1.713
Ephesians 5.26 (AKJV) 1.712
Luke 17.10 (AKJV) 1.71
1 John 4.19 (Tyndale) 1.71
Galatians 5.25 (AKJV) 1.709
Galatians 5.25 (Geneva) 1.709
Hebrews 10.27 (AKJV) 1.708
Job 21.32 (AKJV) 1.707
2 Corinthians 5.22 (ODRV) 1.704
1 Corinthians 15.41 (Tyndale) 1.704
2 Timothy 4.7 (Geneva) 1.701
2 Corinthians 5.1 (Geneva) 1.699
2 Corinthians 4.17 (Geneva) 1.688
Philippians 1.23 (Tyndale) 1.684
2 Corinthians 4.17 (AKJV) 1.681
Romans 6.23 (Geneva) 1.676
Romans 6.23 (AKJV) 1.675
1 John 4.11 (Tyndale) 1.674
Titus 2.12 (AKJV) 1.661
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.666
New Testament 1.805
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
1 Peter 3.374
Revelation 3.279
Esther 2.247
Lamentations 2.01
Canticles 2.006
2 Thessalonians 1.91
Titus 1.626
1 Thessalonians 1.625
2 Peter 1.418
Colossians 1.317
1 John 1.268
2 Timothy 1.26
1 Kings 1.226
James 1.195
Ezekiel 1.099
2 Samuel 1.089
1 Samuel 0.92
Galatians 0.884
1 Timothy 0.865
Ecclesiastes 0.746
Deuteronomy 0.572
Ephesians 0.54
Jeremiah 0.461
Job 0.46
2 Corinthians 0.401
Genesis 0.078
Hebrews -0.083
Proverbs -0.345
John -0.503
Luke -0.515
1 Corinthians -0.588
Isaiah -0.679
Romans -1.252
Matthew -1.477
Psalms -2.469
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
1 Peter 5 2.275
Revelation 2 2.245
Job 32 1.212
Ezekiel 21 1.211
1 Kings 16 1.208
Esther 6 1.207
Lamentations 5 1.203
1 Thessalonians 3 1.201
1 Samuel 22 1.196
Canticles 8 1.187
Deuteronomy 23 1.186
Proverbs 12 1.18
Genesis 41 1.18
Luke 20 1.175
Job 19 1.168
Psalms 110 1.167
Isaiah 32 1.166
Proverbs 27 1.164
Isaiah 61 1.164
1 Kings 1 1.164
2 Samuel 2 1.163
Revelation 4 1.163
Revelation 7 1.162
1 Thessalonians 2 1.157
Ezekiel 36 1.155
Psalms 126 1.154
Revelation 19 1.152
Ecclesiastes 2 1.149
Job 2 1.148
Luke 3 1.145
Matthew 2 1.142
Isaiah 28 1.131
Luke 17 1.12
Jeremiah 23 1.119
Psalms 8 1.111
1 Corinthians 5 1.108
Psalms 103 1.106
Luke 6 1.092
1 John 5 1.088
Revelation 1 1.083
Hebrews 4 1.066
Romans 4 1.064
2 Thessalonians 2 1.06
Proverbs 3 1.053
1 Timothy 5 1.052
Psalms 16 1.048
1 Corinthians 7 1.039
Galatians 3 1.037
Titus 3 1.034
1 Thessalonians 5 1.031
2 Timothy 4 1.027
1 John 2 1.024
Luke 19 1.024
2 Corinthians 6 1.011
Ephesians 1 1.008
Luke 22 1.007
2 Corinthians 4 1.005
John 6 0.987
2 Peter 2 0.979
1 Timothy 6 0.976
Matthew 22 0.974
John 5 0.974
James 1 0.956
Romans 5 0.948
Romans 6 0.943
Hebrews 10 0.942
2 Timothy 3 0.938
Ephesians 5 0.931
Colossians 3 0.918
Galatians 6 0.915
1 John 3 0.909
Romans 12 0.879
Matthew 25 0.865
2 Corinthians 5 0.86
Psalms 119 0.839
Hebrews 12 0.831
1 Corinthians 15 0.8
Hebrews 11 0.789
Romans 8 0.632
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.998
Verse Prominence
1 Peter 5.4 2.081
Revelation 2.10 2.059
Esther 6.8 1.052
Ezekiel 21.16 1.052
Proverbs 12.28 1.052
1 Timothy 5.15 1.052
Jeremiah 23.31 1.052
Luke 22.71 1.052
Titus 3.12 1.052
1 Kings 16.23 1.052
Luke 6.6 1.052
Revelation 2.16 1.051
Ezekiel 36.29 1.051
Psalms 119.139 1.051
Luke 3.17 1.051
Deuteronomy 23.23 1.051
1 Thessalonians 3.11 1.051
Canticles 8.2 1.05
Esther 6.3 1.05
Luke 19.17 1.05
Job 32.22 1.05
1 Kings 1.39 1.049
Matthew 2.9 1.049
Revelation 4.4 1.049
Psalms 8.7 1.048
Matthew 25.24 1.048
Psalms 103.4 1.048
John 6.60 1.048
Genesis 41.40 1.048
1 Thessalonians 5.8 1.048
Revelation 1.4 1.047
Isaiah 61.10 1.047
1 John 5.6 1.047
Genesis 41.43 1.047
1 Samuel 22.7 1.046
1 John 2.20 1.046
1 Thessalonians 2.15 1.046
Job 2.3 1.045
Ecclesiastes 2.2 1.045
Revelation 19.16 1.045
Romans 4.6 1.045
2 Samuel 2.26 1.045
2 Corinthians 6.7 1.044
2 Thessalonians 2.13 1.044
Revelation 7.9 1.044
Proverbs 27.4 1.043
2 Peter 2.2 1.043
Psalms 126.6 1.043
Matthew 22.13 1.042
1 Corinthians 5.10 1.042
Job 19.26 1.04
Ephesians 5.11 1.04
Hebrews 10.27 1.039
Hebrews 4.9 1.038
Ephesians 1.6 1.037
2 Timothy 4.10 1.037
1 John 3.1 1.037
1 Thessalonians 5.23 1.036
Revelation 1.6 1.035
Romans 5.5 1.035
2 Timothy 3.8 1.035
Colossians 3.10 1.035
Ephesians 5.2 1.035
Romans 8.23 1.034
Isaiah 32.17 1.034
James 1.12 1.033
Luke 17.10 1.033
Hebrews 11.25 1.033
Lamentations 5.16 1.032
1 Corinthians 15.10 1.031
Galatians 6.16 1.031
Psalms 110.3 1.031
1 Corinthians 7.29 1.031
Revelation 1.18 1.03
2 Corinthians 5.4 1.03
John 5.28 1.027
Romans 12.11 1.027
Colossians 3.3 1.026
1 Timothy 6.9 1.025
2 Corinthians 5.21 1.024
Psalms 119.105 1.024
Proverbs 3.17 1.022
Romans 12.2 1.021
Galatians 3.13 1.02
Psalms 16.11 1.017
Romans 6.23 1.01
Romans 8.1 1.009
2 Timothy 4.7 1.007
Matthew 25.41 1.006
Hebrews 12.1 1.002
2 Timothy 4.8 0.998
2 Corinthians 4.17 0.995
2 Corinthians 5.1 0.993
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase