Early English Printed Sermons


Light in darknesse: discovered in a sermon preached before the Honourable House of Commons, November 24. 1647. being the day of their publick fast. / By William Carter, minister of the Gospel. Published by order from that House.

Carter, William, 1605-1658
England and Wales. Parliament. House of Commons
Publisher: Printed by M Simmons for Giles Calvert and are to be sold at the Black Spread Eagle at the West end of Pauls
Place of Publication: London
Publication Year: 1648
Approximate Era: CivilWar
TCP ID: A80759 ESTC ID: R204499 STC ID: C680
Subject Headings: Bible. -- O.T. -- Psalms LXV, 5; Fast-day sermons -- 17th century; God -- Will;
View the Full Text of Relevant Sections



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 17.4% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 10.4% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 75.4% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 20.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 10.6% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
New Testament (Vulgate) 6.303
Old Testament (ODRV) 4.742
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.559
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.177
New Testament (Tyndale) 1.09
New Testament (Geneva) 0.053
New Testament (ODRV) -0.027
Old Testament (AKJV) -0.935
New Testament (AKJV) -1.317
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
Malachi (AKJV) 3.408
Philippians (AKJV) 2.81
Matthew (ODRV) 2.158
Haggai (Douay-Rheims) 1.749
Zephaniah (Geneva) 1.718
Malachi (Geneva) 1.707
Hosea (Douay-Rheims) 1.599
Mark (ODRV) 1.598
Hosea (Geneva) 1.597
Mark (AKJV) 1.573
1 Corinthians (Vulgate) 1.54
2 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.468
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.366
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.366
Exodus (Geneva) 1.346
1 John (Geneva) 1.325
1 John (ODRV) 1.319
1 Peter (Tyndale) 1.297
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.254
Revelation (ODRV) 1.233
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 1.218
Exodus (AKJV) 1.203
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.203
1 John (AKJV) 1.186
James (AKJV) 1.14
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.133
Job (Geneva) 1.086
Hebrews (ODRV) 1.074
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.037
Philippians (ODRV) 1.036
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.031
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.998
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.91
John (Tyndale) 0.908
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.891
Luke (Geneva) 0.887
Genesis (AKJV) 0.887
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.88
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.855
Romans (Tyndale) 0.798
Job (AKJV) 0.792
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.758
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.7
Matthew (Geneva) 0.624
Psalms (ODRV) 0.575
Romans (ODRV) 0.535
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.503
Romans (Geneva) 0.326
Matthew (AKJV) 0.271
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.218
Psalms (Geneva) -0.029
Romans (AKJV) -0.057
Psalms (AKJV) -0.996
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.986
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 65 (AKJV) 5.342
Psalms 99 (Geneva) 2.147
Psalms 99 (AKJV) 2.141
Matthew 20 (ODRV) 2.127
Psalms 97 (AKJV) 2.105
Malachi 3 (AKJV) 2.095
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 1.931
Mark 11 (AKJV) 1.072
Mark 11 (ODRV) 1.072
Malachi 4 (Geneva) 1.072
Isaiah 50 (Douay-Rheims) 1.07
Jeremiah 32 (AKJV) 1.069
Psalms 65 (Geneva) 1.067
Hosea 13 (Geneva) 1.067
Malachi 4 (AKJV) 1.067
Haggai 2 (Douay-Rheims) 1.067
Psalms 1 (ODRV) 1.064
Psalms 38 (ODRV) 1.064
Deuteronomy 8 (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
2 Kings 22 (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
Job 41 (Geneva) 1.06
Isaiah 33 (Geneva) 1.058
Exodus 3 (AKJV) 1.056
Genesis 32 (AKJV) 1.056
Psalms 1 (Geneva) 1.056
Isaiah 50 (AKJV) 1.055
Hosea 6 (Geneva) 1.054
Malachi 3 (Geneva) 1.051
Hosea 2 (Douay-Rheims) 1.051
Psalms 90 (Geneva) 1.05
Zephaniah 1 (Geneva) 1.049
Luke 24 (Geneva) 1.047
Matthew 15 (Geneva) 1.047
Isaiah 33 (AKJV) 1.046
Exodus 15 (Geneva) 1.045
Psalms 45 (Geneva) 1.045
Psalms 120 (AKJV) 1.044
Psalms 18 (Geneva) 1.044
John 17 (Tyndale) 1.042
Revelation 2 (ODRV) 1.042
Psalms 38 (AKJV) 1.042
Psalms 17 (ODRV) 1.042
Matthew 15 (Tyndale) 1.037
Matthew 12 (Tyndale) 1.036
2 Corinthians 10 (ODRV) 1.035
John 16 (Tyndale) 1.032
1 Corinthians 15 (Vulgate) 1.031
Psalms 145 (Geneva) 1.031
Psalms 77 (AKJV) 1.027
Psalms 103 (Geneva) 1.027
1 Peter 4 (Tyndale) 1.027
Hebrews 2 (AKJV) 1.022
Matthew 15 (ODRV) 1.02
Proverbs 1 (Geneva) 1.017
Proverbs 21 (Geneva) 1.016
Romans 5 (Geneva) 1.015
Luke 22 (Geneva) 1.011
Matthew 15 (AKJV) 0.997
Psalms 126 (AKJV) 0.997
Psalms 18 (AKJV) 0.993
Deuteronomy 32 (AKJV) 0.992
2 Peter 2 (AKJV) 0.992
Job 21 (AKJV) 0.99
Romans 1 (ODRV) 0.983
Psalms 103 (AKJV) 0.979
2 Corinthians 4 (Geneva) 0.977
Hebrews 9 (AKJV) 0.976
James 3 (AKJV) 0.971
1 John 3 (ODRV) 0.97
Hebrews 12 (ODRV) 0.964
Matthew 23 (AKJV) 0.962
1 John 3 (Geneva) 0.956
1 Peter 4 (AKJV) 0.95
Psalms 73 (AKJV) 0.948
Romans 8 (Tyndale) 0.941
1 Peter 2 (Geneva) 0.937
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 0.935
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.935
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 0.914
1 John 3 (AKJV) 0.906
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.875
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.873
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 0.859
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.987
Verse Prominence
Psalms 65.5 (AKJV) 4.383
Psalms 99.8 (Geneva) 1.754
Psalms 18.13 (AKJV) 1.754
Psalms 99.8 (AKJV) 1.753
Psalms 18.6 (AKJV) 1.753
Malachi 3.2 (AKJV) 1.751
Matthew 20.22 (ODRV) 1.748
Psalms 97.2 (AKJV) 1.747
Philippians 2.13 (AKJV) 1.733
Philippians 2.12 (AKJV) 1.708
Psalms 65.4 (Geneva) 0.877
Mark 11.17 (AKJV) 0.877
Mark 11.17 (ODRV) 0.877
Hosea 13.4 (Geneva) 0.877
Exodus 3.8 (AKJV) 0.877
Deuteronomy 8.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
John 17.1 (Tyndale) 0.877
2 Kings 22.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
Psalms 18.9 (Geneva) 0.877
2 Kings 22.11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
Hebrews 9.5 (AKJV) 0.877
Revelation 2.9 (ODRV) 0.877
Psalms 90.1 (Geneva) 0.877
Psalms 38.15 (AKJV) 0.877
Proverbs 21.24 (Geneva) 0.877
Jeremiah 32.40 (AKJV) 0.876
Job 41.11 (Geneva) 0.876
Psalms 77.1 (AKJV) 0.876
Malachi 3.1 (AKJV) 0.876
Malachi 4.5 (Geneva) 0.876
Malachi 4.5 (AKJV) 0.876
Genesis 32.25 (AKJV) 0.876
Psalms 18.9 (AKJV) 0.876
Psalms 18.10 (Geneva) 0.876
Psalms 18.20 (AKJV) 0.876
Psalms 1.5 (Geneva) 0.876
Isaiah 33.15 (AKJV) 0.876
Isaiah 33.16 (Geneva) 0.876
Psalms 17.8 (ODRV) 0.876
Matthew 15.24 (AKJV) 0.876
Matthew 15.24 (Geneva) 0.876
1 Peter 4.9 (Tyndale) 0.876
Psalms 18.26 (AKJV) 0.875
Malachi 3.2 (Geneva) 0.875
1 Corinthians 15.36 (AKJV) 0.875
Psalms 18.11 (AKJV) 0.875
Hebrews 2.10 (AKJV) 0.875
Haggai 2.8 (Douay-Rheims) 0.875
Psalms 18.25 (AKJV) 0.875
Psalms 45.6 (Geneva) 0.875
Romans 5.9 (Geneva) 0.875
Psalms 103.10 (Geneva) 0.875
1 Peter 2.8 (Geneva) 0.875
2 Peter 2.20 (AKJV) 0.875
Matthew 12.44 (Tyndale) 0.875
Philippians 2.14 (AKJV) 0.875
Deuteronomy 32.10 (AKJV) 0.874
Exodus 15.11 (Geneva) 0.874
Psalms 18.7 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 73.14 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 38.8 (AKJV) 0.874
Isaiah 33.16 (AKJV) 0.874
Isaiah 50.10 (Douay-Rheims) 0.874
Hebrews 12.16 (ODRV) 0.874
Matthew 23.10 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 65.2 (AKJV) 0.873
Psalms 18.49 (AKJV) 0.873
Psalms 120.1 (AKJV) 0.873
Psalms 1.6 (ODRV) 0.873
Isaiah 33.14 (AKJV) 0.873
Isaiah 50.10 (AKJV) 0.873
Psalms 38.10 (ODRV) 0.873
Luke 24.26 (Geneva) 0.872
Psalms 145.17 (Geneva) 0.872
Matthew 15.28 (Tyndale) 0.872
Philippians 2.3 (ODRV) 0.872
Hosea 2.21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.871
1 Corinthians 15.44 (Vulgate) 0.871
Matthew 22.3 (ODRV) 0.871
Romans 12.16 (AKJV) 0.871
Zephaniah 1.14 (Geneva) 0.87
Psalms 103.10 (AKJV) 0.87
Proverbs 1.26 (Geneva) 0.87
Matthew 15.26 (ODRV) 0.87
1 John 3.14 (Geneva) 0.869
Hosea 6.4 (Geneva) 0.868
2 Corinthians 10.3 (ODRV) 0.868
Romans 1.17 (ODRV) 0.868
1 Peter 4.18 (AKJV) 0.868
1 John 3.14 (AKJV) 0.868
Job 21.18 (AKJV) 0.866
John 16.2 (Tyndale) 0.865
Luke 22.42 (Geneva) 0.863
1 John 3.15 (ODRV) 0.861
Romans 8.5 (Tyndale) 0.86
James 3.16 (AKJV) 0.848
2 Corinthians 4.17 (Geneva) 0.841
Psalms 126.3 (AKJV) 0.84
2 Corinthians 4.17 (AKJV) 0.834
Hebrews 12.14 (ODRV) 0.833
2 Timothy 3.5 (AKJV) 0.83
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.666
New Testament 1.805
Diversity: 0.971
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Haggai 2.678
Joel 2.584
Canticles 2.245
Malachi 2.144
Leviticus 1.966
Hosea 1.744
2 Peter 1.657
Mark 1.635
Colossians 1.556
Numbers 1.512
1 John 1.507
2 Timothy 1.499
James 1.433
Ezekiel 1.337
Philippians 1.193
1 Timothy 1.104
1 Peter 0.91
Exodus 0.826
Revelation 0.815
Deuteronomy 0.81
Ephesians 0.779
Jeremiah 0.7
2 Corinthians 0.639
Genesis 0.316
Hebrews 0.156
Proverbs -0.106
Acts -0.262
John -0.265
Luke -0.277
1 Corinthians -0.349
Isaiah -0.44
Romans -1.014
Matthew -1.239
Psalms -2.23
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.999
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 99 2.24
Mark 11 1.111
Numbers 13 1.108
Ezekiel 1 1.106
Numbers 20 1.106
Hosea 1 1.105
Deuteronomy 18 1.096
Psalms 97 1.091
Malachi 4 1.089
Isaiah 50 1.083
Psalms 132 1.081
Psalms 38 1.079
Jeremiah 32 1.078
Haggai 2 1.075
Deuteronomy 8 1.07
Psalms 65 1.068
Malachi 1 1.066
Revelation 4 1.065
Hosea 13 1.064
Psalms 94 1.063
Isaiah 33 1.061
Exodus 3 1.049
Genesis 32 1.048
Canticles 2 1.048
Luke 3 1.047
Hosea 2 1.045
Psalms 3 1.044
Exodus 15 1.042
Isaiah 63 1.042
Leviticus 26 1.04
Numbers 14 1.039
Exodus 14 1.035
Joel 2 1.032
Psalms 45 1.03
Psalms 68 1.027
Psalms 49 1.027
Isaiah 6 1.025
Psalms 90 1.017
Luke 7 1.014
Hebrews 3 1.013
Matthew 17 1.01
Psalms 39 1.01
Psalms 103 1.008
Matthew 20 1.004
Romans 15 0.989
James 3 0.982
Psalms 18 0.98
Matthew 15 0.976
2 Corinthians 12 0.973
Luke 13 0.963
Proverbs 1 0.955
Psalms 73 0.954
Hebrews 2 0.951
Psalms 16 0.95
Acts 5 0.948
1 Peter 4 0.944
Malachi 3 0.941
John 16 0.934
Matthew 18 0.915
Deuteronomy 32 0.913
Revelation 2 0.912
Matthew 12 0.912
Colossians 1 0.91
2 Corinthians 4 0.907
1 Corinthians 13 0.905
Hebrews 9 0.904
Romans 14 0.904
John 17 0.9
2 Timothy 2 0.898
Psalms 50 0.886
2 Peter 2 0.881
1 Timothy 6 0.877
1 Corinthians 3 0.877
Matthew 22 0.876
Matthew 13 0.873
Psalms 2 0.869
James 1 0.858
2 Timothy 3 0.84
Acts 2 0.835
Ephesians 5 0.832
Matthew 16 0.829
1 John 3 0.811
Philippians 2 0.808
2 Corinthians 5 0.762
Hebrews 12 0.733
1 Corinthians 15 0.702
Romans 8 0.534
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.999
Verse Prominence
Psalms 99.8 2.123
Psalms 38.15 1.064
Matthew 17.12 1.063
Romans 15.9 1.063
Luke 13.14 1.063
Numbers 13.2 1.063
Luke 3.15 1.063
Psalms 94.13 1.062
Psalms 90.1 1.062
Matthew 18.27 1.062
Hosea 13.3 1.061
Psalms 18.6 1.061
Exodus 3.8 1.061
Joel 2.31 1.061
Acts 2.21 1.061
Genesis 32.9 1.061
Psalms 73.16 1.061
Revelation 4.7 1.061
Matthew 22.4 1.061
Matthew 18.35 1.061
Psalms 132.16 1.061
Psalms 18.11 1.061
Mark 11.17 1.06
Exodus 14.11 1.06
Malachi 4.5 1.06
Acts 2.16 1.06
Matthew 20.20 1.06
Isaiah 6.1 1.06
Hebrews 9.5 1.06
Deuteronomy 8.16 1.06
Psalms 103.10 1.06
Matthew 12.44 1.06
Matthew 12.45 1.06
Matthew 18.28 1.06
Psalms 65.5 1.059
Exodus 3.7 1.059
Revelation 2.9 1.059
Psalms 97.2 1.059
Psalms 94.12 1.059
Numbers 14.4 1.059
John 17.1 1.058
Psalms 45.6 1.058
Numbers 20.12 1.058
Deuteronomy 18.15 1.058
Deuteronomy 8.2 1.058
Deuteronomy 32.10 1.057
Matthew 15.22 1.057
Psalms 50.17 1.057
Matthew 13.31 1.057
2 Timothy 2.16 1.057
Psalms 3.4 1.056
Exodus 15.11 1.056
Hosea 2.21 1.056
Leviticus 26.24 1.056
1 Peter 4.18 1.056
Proverbs 1.25 1.055
Hosea 1.4 1.054
1 John 3.15 1.054
James 3.14 1.054
James 3.16 1.052
James 3.15 1.052
Hebrews 3.6 1.051
Acts 5.31 1.051
Proverbs 1.26 1.051
2 Peter 2.20 1.051
1 Timothy 6.20 1.051
Isaiah 63.17 1.05
Romans 15.5 1.05
James 1.26 1.05
Canticles 2.14 1.05
Psalms 39.9 1.05
Revelation 4.8 1.049
Haggai 2.7 1.048
2 Corinthians 12.10 1.048
Ephesians 5.27 1.048
James 3.6 1.048
1 Corinthians 13.1 1.048
Colossians 1.20 1.047
Jeremiah 32.40 1.047
Matthew 16.19 1.046
Isaiah 33.14 1.045
Philippians 2.9 1.044
Hebrews 2.10 1.042
1 John 3.14 1.041
Romans 8.29 1.039
John 16.2 1.036
1 Corinthians 3.3 1.035
Philippians 2.12 1.034
2 Timothy 3.5 1.029
Psalms 16.11 1.028
2 Corinthians 4.17 1.007
Hebrews 12.14 1.007
2 Corinthians 5.20 0.999
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase