Early English Printed Sermons


A sermon of the Epiphany preached in the Queen Dowagers chappel at Somerset-House, upon Twelfth Day, January the 6th. 1686. By John Betham, Doctor of Sorbon, and preacher in ordinary to his Majesty. Published by Her Majesties command.

Betham, John, d. 1709
Publisher: printed for Matthew Turner at the Lamb in Holborn
Place of Publication: London
Publication Year: 1687
Approximate Era: JamesII
TCP ID: A76466 ESTC ID: R210158 STC ID: B2059A
Subject Headings: Sermons, English -- 17th century;
View the Full Text of Relevant Sections



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 6.4% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 5.5% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 87.5% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 9.0% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 9.9% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 5.2% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 4.9% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 4.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 9.0% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 4.9% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 4.1% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 8.1% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 4.1% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 3.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 8.1% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 4.1% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 3.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.875
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Vulgate) 10.817
New Testament (Vulgate) 7.691
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 3.948
New Testament (Tyndale) 2.478
New Testament (Geneva) 1.442
New Testament (ODRV) 1.362
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.454
New Testament (AKJV) 0.072
Diversity: 0.96
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Deuteronomy (Vulgate) 3.982
2 Peter (Vulgate) 3.954
Isaiah (Vulgate) 3.948
Proverbs (Vulgate) 3.947
Genesis (Vulgate) 3.943
Ephesians (Vulgate) 3.901
Psalms (Vulgate) 3.835
John (Vulgate) 3.781
Romans (Vulgate) 3.762
2 Peter (Tyndale) 3.742
Matthew (Vulgate) 3.727
Colossians (Geneva) 3.622
Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) 3.586
Colossians (AKJV) 3.493
Job (Douay-Rheims) 3.423
1 Timothy (AKJV) 3.292
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 3.124
Genesis (AKJV) 3.102
Ephesians (AKJV) 3.049
Romans (ODRV) 2.75
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 2.728
Matthew (ODRV) 2.587
Romans (Geneva) 2.54
Matthew (AKJV) 2.485
Romans (AKJV) 2.157
Diversity: 0.972
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Matthew 2 (Vulgate) 2.777
Isaiah 11 (Vulgate) 2.777
Genesis 22 (Vulgate) 2.777
Psalms 11 (Vulgate) 2.777
Isaiah 62 (Vulgate) 2.776
Psalms 105 (Vulgate) 2.776
Proverbs 27 (Vulgate) 2.776
Psalms 54 (Vulgate) 2.775
Genesis 49 (Vulgate) 2.774
Romans 9 (Vulgate) 2.774
Deuteronomy 32 (Vulgate) 2.774
Psalms 75 (Vulgate) 2.773
Romans 11 (Vulgate) 2.773
2 Peter 2 (Vulgate) 2.773
John 15 (Vulgate) 2.773
Ephesians 2 (Vulgate) 2.769
Romans 2 (Vulgate) 2.769
Romans 1 (Vulgate) 2.765
Job 8 (Douay-Rheims) 2.764
Isaiah 62 (Douay-Rheims) 2.762
Matthew 2 (AKJV) 2.76
Matthew 2 (ODRV) 2.76
Genesis 22 (AKJV) 2.752
Ephesians 4 (Vulgate) 2.743
Ecclesiastes 7 (Douay-Rheims) 2.726
2 Peter 1 (Tyndale) 2.72
Romans 11 (ODRV) 2.719
Romans 11 (Geneva) 2.715
1 Corinthians 12 (Geneva) 2.689
Romans 1 (ODRV) 2.686
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 2.68
Romans 2 (ODRV) 2.671
Romans 11 (AKJV) 2.667
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 2.654
1 Timothy 2 (AKJV) 2.652
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 2.64
Diversity: 0.977
Evenness: 0.998
Verse Prominence
Psalms 54.15 (Vulgate) 4.347
Matthew 2.1 (Vulgate) 2.174
Matthew 2.2 (Vulgate) 2.174
Isaiah 11.7 (Vulgate) 2.174
Genesis 49.10 (Vulgate) 2.174
Isaiah 62.1 (Vulgate) 2.174
Psalms 11.6 (Vulgate) 2.174
Romans 1.26 (ODRV) 2.174
Romans 1.31 (Vulgate) 2.174
Romans 9.25 (Vulgate) 2.174
Ephesians 2.14 (Vulgate) 2.174
Ephesians 2.18 (Vulgate) 2.174
Ephesians 2.22 (Vulgate) 2.174
Psalms 54.13 (Vulgate) 2.174
Proverbs 27.4 (Vulgate) 2.174
Deuteronomy 32.22 (Vulgate) 2.174
2 Peter 2.20 (Vulgate) 2.174
Romans 2.25 (Vulgate) 2.174
Ephesians 4.1 (Vulgate) 2.174
Genesis 22.18 (Vulgate) 2.173
Isaiah 62.1 (Douay-Rheims) 2.173
Romans 1.22 (Vulgate) 2.173
Psalms 75.2 (Vulgate) 2.173
Ephesians 2.12 (Vulgate) 2.173
Romans 11.33 (Vulgate) 2.173
Psalms 105.40 (Vulgate) 2.173
1 Corinthians 12.27 (Geneva) 2.173
Psalms 54.16 (Vulgate) 2.172
2 Peter 1.2 (Tyndale) 2.172
2 Peter 2.21 (Vulgate) 2.172
John 15.22 (Vulgate) 2.172
Matthew 2.2 (ODRV) 2.171
Romans 11.22 (AKJV) 2.171
Matthew 2.2 (AKJV) 2.169
Genesis 22.18 (AKJV) 2.169
Romans 2.24 (ODRV) 2.169
Job 8.9 (Douay-Rheims) 2.168
Ephesians 2.19 (AKJV) 2.167
Ecclesiastes 7.25 (Douay-Rheims) 2.166
Colossians 1.13 (AKJV) 2.165
Colossians 1.13 (Geneva) 2.165
Ephesians 2.18 (AKJV) 2.162
1 Timothy 2.6 (AKJV) 2.161
Romans 11.33 (Geneva) 2.16
Romans 11.33 (ODRV) 2.153
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.666
New Testament 1.805
Diversity: 0.938
Evenness: 0.993
Book Prominence
Ephesians 8.949
3 Kings 5.51
Hosea 4.359
2 Peter 4.271
Colossians 4.17
Numbers 4.127
Exodus 3.44
Deuteronomy 3.425
Genesis 2.931
Proverbs 2.508
Acts 2.352
John 2.35
Luke 2.338
Isaiah 2.174
Romans 1.601
Matthew 1.376
Psalms 0.384
Diversity: 0.963
Evenness: 0.996
Chapter Prominence
Ephesians 2 6.597
3 Kings 19 3.446
Psalms 54 3.439
Hosea 1 3.417
Psalms 52 3.409
Isaiah 62 3.406
Proverbs 27 3.378
Numbers 25 3.373
Psalms 147 3.369
Psalms 105 3.368
Genesis 22 3.357
Matthew 2 3.356
Psalms 11 3.333
Exodus 32 3.305
Genesis 49 3.292
Acts 10 3.27
Romans 9 3.244
Romans 11 3.243
Luke 2 3.235
John 15 3.227
Deuteronomy 32 3.225
Ephesians 1 3.222
Colossians 1 3.222
2 Peter 2 3.193
Matthew 23 3.169
Romans 5 3.162
Romans 2 3.115
Romans 1 3.006
Diversity: 0.967
Evenness: 0.994
Verse Prominence
Ephesians 2.14 5.857
Ephesians 2.12 5.857
3 Kings 19.3 2.941
Romans 9.25 2.94
Romans 9.26 2.94
Hosea 1.10 2.94
Psalms 54.13 2.94
Proverbs 27.3 2.94
Exodus 32.13 2.939
Romans 2.25 2.939
Deuteronomy 32.21 2.938
Psalms 52.4 2.938
Deuteronomy 32.22 2.938
Genesis 22.18 2.936
Ephesians 1.1 2.936
Isaiah 62.1 2.935
Psalms 11.5 2.935
Romans 9.21 2.935
Matthew 2.2 2.933
Matthew 2.1 2.932
Numbers 25.8 2.932
Romans 11.22 2.932
Romans 5.20 2.931
Colossians 1.13 2.931
John 15.22 2.929
Psalms 147.20 2.928
2 Peter 2.20 2.928
Ephesians 2.19 2.924
Genesis 49.10 2.92
Luke 2.29 2.915
Romans 11.33 2.907
Matthew 23.15 2.887
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase