Early English Printed Sermons


Sermons, French -- 16th century

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 0.6% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 92.9% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 0.3% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 0.5% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.924
Evenness: 0.991
Part Prominence
Old Testament (ODRV) 6.981
Apocrypha (ODRV) 5.233
Old Testament (Vulgate) 4.921
New Testament (Wycliffe) 4.85
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 3.004
Apocrypha (AKJV) 1.946
New Testament (Vulgate) 1.721
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -1.843
Old Testament (Geneva) -3.108
New Testament (Tyndale) -3.114
New Testament (Geneva) -4.278
New Testament (ODRV) -4.366
Old Testament (AKJV) -5.194
New Testament (AKJV) -5.392
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.998
Book Prominence
2 Peter (ODRV) 2.301
Psalms (ODRV) 1.405
Daniel (Vulgate) 1.257
Colossians (Vulgate) 1.178
1 Maccabees (AKJV) 1.173
1 Maccabees (Douay-Rheims) 1.166
Baruch (ODRV) 1.157
Daniel (ODRV) 1.119
Zechariah (Douay-Rheims) 1.111
John (Wycliffe) 1.083
Lamentations (Geneva) 1.064
2 Samuel (Geneva) 1.041
2 Timothy (Tyndale) 1.032
2 Kings (AKJV) 1.011
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 0.976
2 Timothy (ODRV) 0.974
Lamentations (AKJV) 0.971
Daniel (Geneva) 0.969
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 0.948
Colossians (Geneva) 0.886
Galatians (Tyndale) 0.861
Philippians (Geneva) 0.849
Ephesians (Tyndale) 0.83
1 John (Tyndale) 0.823
1 Peter (ODRV) 0.823
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.82
1 John (Geneva) 0.818
Galatians (Geneva) 0.795
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 0.792
1 Peter (Tyndale) 0.757
1 Timothy (ODRV) 0.755
1 Timothy (Geneva) 0.754
Colossians (AKJV) 0.74
Acts (Geneva) 0.736
Genesis (ODRV) 0.724
1 Peter (Geneva) 0.698
Exodus (AKJV) 0.692
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.677
Galatians (ODRV) 0.676
1 John (AKJV) 0.675
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.654
Ephesians (ODRV) 0.637
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.614
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 0.558
Job (Geneva) 0.555
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.534
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.528
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.528
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.5
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.484
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.477
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.446
Luke (Geneva) 0.41
John (Geneva) 0.409
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.403
Genesis (AKJV) 0.378
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.377
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.374
Romans (Tyndale) 0.347
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.244
Job (AKJV) 0.217
John (ODRV) 0.217
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.182
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.122
Romans (ODRV) 0.114
Matthew (Geneva) 0.095
Luke (AKJV) 0.089
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.065
Isaiah (AKJV) -0.034
Matthew (ODRV) -0.092
Romans (Geneva) -0.129
Proverbs (AKJV) -0.143
Matthew (AKJV) -0.214
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.261
Psalms (Geneva) -0.409
Romans (AKJV) -0.426
Psalms (AKJV) -1.3
Diversity: 0.993
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 83 (ODRV) 1.273
Psalms 27 (Geneva) 1.266
2 Peter 3 (ODRV) 1.247
Romans 14 (ODRV) 1.193
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 1.008
1 Maccabees 4 (Douay-Rheims) 0.639
Psalms 25 (ODRV) 0.639
Genesis 33 (ODRV) 0.639
1 Maccabees 7 (AKJV) 0.638
Genesis 49 (ODRV) 0.638
Daniel 3 (Vulgate) 0.637
Ecclesiasticus 32 (AKJV) 0.637
Psalms 88 (Geneva) 0.637
Psalms 31 (ODRV) 0.636
Psalms 87 (ODRV) 0.635
Psalms 6 (ODRV) 0.635
2 Samuel 5 (Geneva) 0.635
Baruch 1 (ODRV) 0.635
Isaiah 52 (Douay-Rheims) 0.633
2 Kings 17 (AKJV) 0.631
Ecclesiasticus 6 (AKJV) 0.631
Zechariah 2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.63
Isaiah 38 (Douay-Rheims) 0.63
Psalms 29 (ODRV) 0.63
Ecclesiasticus 17 (AKJV) 0.63
1 Thessalonians 3 (AKJV) 0.629
Psalms 6 (AKJV) 0.628
Isaiah 38 (Geneva) 0.627
John 9 (Wycliffe) 0.627
Psalms 74 (Geneva) 0.627
Psalms 144 (ODRV) 0.626
Ecclesiasticus 23 (AKJV) 0.626
Ecclesiasticus 39 (Douay-Rheims) 0.626
Psalms 129 (Geneva) 0.625
Psalms 41 (ODRV) 0.625
Jeremiah 4 (AKJV) 0.623
Job 34 (Douay-Rheims) 0.623
Isaiah 14 (AKJV) 0.623
Acts 14 (Geneva) 0.623
Psalms 68 (Geneva) 0.623
Daniel 3 (ODRV) 0.622
Psalms 31 (Geneva) 0.622
2 Kings 20 (AKJV) 0.621
Genesis 18 (ODRV) 0.62
Psalms 102 (ODRV) 0.62
Jeremiah 10 (AKJV) 0.619
Psalms 148 (Geneva) 0.618
Ecclesiasticus 39 (AKJV) 0.618
Psalms 84 (Geneva) 0.616
Job 10 (Geneva) 0.616
Psalms 50 (ODRV) 0.616
Daniel 6 (Geneva) 0.614
Psalms 88 (ODRV) 0.613
Colossians 1 (Vulgate) 0.611
Genesis 28 (AKJV) 0.61
Psalms 94 (ODRV) 0.61
Exodus 33 (AKJV) 0.61
2 Corinthians 1 (Tyndale) 0.607
Psalms 80 (AKJV) 0.607
Job 10 (AKJV) 0.607
Psalms 30 (AKJV) 0.607
Isaiah 38 (AKJV) 0.605
Psalms 83 (AKJV) 0.604
Psalms 103 (Geneva) 0.603
1 Peter 5 (ODRV) 0.602
Psalms 42 (AKJV) 0.6
Psalms 26 (AKJV) 0.6
Matthew 18 (Geneva) 0.599
Psalms 84 (AKJV) 0.599
Proverbs 31 (AKJV) 0.599
Psalms 34 (Geneva) 0.597
Isaiah 14 (Douay-Rheims) 0.596
2 Corinthians 1 (Geneva) 0.596
Psalms 137 (AKJV) 0.592
Psalms 7 (AKJV) 0.592
Romans 4 (Tyndale) 0.59
1 Peter 4 (Tyndale) 0.589
Luke 17 (Geneva) 0.588
1 Thessalonians 5 (Tyndale) 0.587
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 0.586
2 Timothy 3 (Tyndale) 0.586
Luke 23 (AKJV) 0.586
John 17 (ODRV) 0.585
1 John 2 (Tyndale) 0.583
Galatians 3 (Tyndale) 0.581
1 Corinthians 7 (Tyndale) 0.58
Hebrews 2 (AKJV) 0.58
Ephesians 5 (Tyndale) 0.576
Psalms 27 (AKJV) 0.573
1 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 0.572
Ephesians 1 (Tyndale) 0.57
Galatians 3 (ODRV) 0.57
1 Corinthians 3 (ODRV) 0.568
2 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 0.568
Hebrews 13 (ODRV) 0.567
Colossians 3 (Geneva) 0.567
1 Corinthians 13 (Geneva) 0.565
Psalms 37 (Geneva) 0.565
Matthew 25 (Tyndale) 0.564
1 Peter 4 (Geneva) 0.564
1 Corinthians 10 (Tyndale) 0.563
Lamentations 3 (Geneva) 0.561
Romans 10 (ODRV) 0.561
Colossians 2 (Geneva) 0.56
Galatians 3 (Geneva) 0.56
1 Thessalonians 4 (Geneva) 0.558
1 Corinthians 7 (ODRV) 0.558
2 Corinthians 5 (Tyndale) 0.558
Romans 1 (ODRV) 0.557
2 Timothy 3 (ODRV) 0.556
Romans 15 (ODRV) 0.556
1 Corinthians 12 (Tyndale) 0.552
Psalms 115 (AKJV) 0.552
1 John 5 (Geneva) 0.551
Psalms 116 (Geneva) 0.55
1 Corinthians 7 (Geneva) 0.547
John 6 (Geneva) 0.544
Psalms 122 (AKJV) 0.544
Luke 1 (AKJV) 0.543
Colossians 2 (AKJV) 0.541
1 Corinthians 6 (AKJV) 0.538
1 Timothy 6 (ODRV) 0.538
Hebrews 11 (Geneva) 0.537
1 Timothy 2 (Geneva) 0.537
Job 21 (AKJV) 0.534
Lamentations 3 (AKJV) 0.531
Philippians 2 (Geneva) 0.52
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 0.52
Romans 6 (ODRV) 0.519
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.519
Ephesians 2 (Geneva) 0.516
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 0.51
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 0.502
1 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.499
1 Corinthians 1 (AKJV) 0.493
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 0.491
Romans 14 (AKJV) 0.486
Hebrews 13 (AKJV) 0.485
Ephesians 5 (AKJV) 0.485
1 Peter 2 (Tyndale) 0.485
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 0.484
1 John 3 (AKJV) 0.472
Romans 8 (ODRV) 0.469
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.465
Romans 6 (Geneva) 0.457
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.452
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.451
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 0.427
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.416
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.316
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.307
Diversity: 0.994
Evenness: 0.993
Verse Prominence
Isaiah 38.13 (Douay-Rheims) 1.522
Isaiah 38.18 (AKJV) 1.519
Ephesians 2.4 (AKJV) 1.511
Psalms 83.5 (ODRV) 1.014
Psalms 27.4 (Geneva) 1.014
Psalms 27.8 (Geneva) 1.014
Isaiah 38.16 (Geneva) 1.014
Isaiah 38.11 (Geneva) 1.013
Isaiah 38.19 (Douay-Rheims) 1.011
2 Peter 3.6 (ODRV) 1.007
Romans 14.12 (ODRV) 1.004
Psalms 84.10 (Geneva) 1.002
1 Corinthians 10.31 (AKJV) 0.973
Psalms 87.10 (ODRV) 0.507
1 Maccabees 4.48 (Douay-Rheims) 0.507
Psalms 16.4 (AKJV) 0.507
Daniel 3.95 (Vulgate) 0.507
Isaiah 52.3 (Douay-Rheims) 0.507
Jeremiah 10.11 (AKJV) 0.507
Jeremiah 4.1 (AKJV) 0.507
2 Kings 17.12 (AKJV) 0.507
Genesis 28.6 (AKJV) 0.507
Hebrews 13.13 (ODRV) 0.507
1 Peter 4.16 (Tyndale) 0.507
Matthew 18.1 (Geneva) 0.507
Psalms 25.8 (ODRV) 0.507
Psalms 84.1 (Geneva) 0.507
1 Corinthians 12.15 (Tyndale) 0.507
Psalms 83.3 (ODRV) 0.507
Ecclesiasticus 32.21 (AKJV) 0.507
Ecclesiasticus 6.26 (AKJV) 0.507
Psalms 6.6 (ODRV) 0.507
Isaiah 38.21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.507
Isaiah 38.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.507
2 Corinthians 5.1 (Tyndale) 0.507
Psalms 88.15 (Geneva) 0.507
Isaiah 38.14 (Geneva) 0.507
Psalms 37.2 (Geneva) 0.507
Job 10.1 (AKJV) 0.507
Genesis 33.12 (ODRV) 0.507
Psalms 29.7 (ODRV) 0.507
Galatians 3.15 (Tyndale) 0.507
Isaiah 38.22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.507
Ecclesiasticus 17.28 (AKJV) 0.507
Matthew 25.30 (Tyndale) 0.507
Ecclesiasticus 39.41 (Douay-Rheims) 0.507
Genesis 49.18 (ODRV) 0.507
1 Thessalonians 4.4 (Geneva) 0.506
Ephesians 1.8 (Tyndale) 0.506
1 Thessalonians 3.3 (AKJV) 0.506
1 Maccabees 7.48 (AKJV) 0.506
Psalms 129.4 (Geneva) 0.506
2 Corinthians 4.10 (ODRV) 0.506
Hebrews 11.35 (Geneva) 0.506
Psalms 41.3 (ODRV) 0.506
Genesis 18.17 (ODRV) 0.506
Isaiah 38.10 (Geneva) 0.506
Colossians 3.6 (Geneva) 0.506
Job 34.23 (Douay-Rheims) 0.506
Isaiah 38.10 (AKJV) 0.506
2 Samuel 5.4 (Geneva) 0.506
Psalms 102.10 (ODRV) 0.506
Daniel 6.25 (Geneva) 0.506
Job 10.19 (Geneva) 0.506
Baruch 1.17 (ODRV) 0.506
Acts 14.10 (Geneva) 0.506
Psalms 50.17 (ODRV) 0.506
Isaiah 14.7 (AKJV) 0.506
2 Kings 20.10 (AKJV) 0.506
Psalms 74.9 (Geneva) 0.506
Psalms 137.4 (AKJV) 0.505
1 John 3.13 (AKJV) 0.505
Hebrews 11.36 (Geneva) 0.505
Galatians 3.4 (ODRV) 0.505
Zechariah 2.8 (Douay-Rheims) 0.505
Luke 17.10 (Geneva) 0.505
Isaiah 38.11 (AKJV) 0.505
Psalms 88.37 (ODRV) 0.505
Psalms 115.18 (AKJV) 0.505
Isaiah 14.15 (AKJV) 0.505
Psalms 144.8 (ODRV) 0.505
Psalms 30.3 (AKJV) 0.505
Ecclesiasticus 23.26 (AKJV) 0.505
Psalms 148.13 (Geneva) 0.505
Proverbs 31.7 (AKJV) 0.505
Psalms 31.1 (ODRV) 0.505
Psalms 6.5 (AKJV) 0.505
1 Timothy 6.8 (ODRV) 0.505
Hebrews 13.13 (AKJV) 0.504
2 Timothy 3.12 (Tyndale) 0.504
2 Corinthians 4.8 (ODRV) 0.504
1 John 5.10 (Geneva) 0.504
Daniel 3.23 (ODRV) 0.504
2 Corinthians 1.4 (Tyndale) 0.504
Psalms 80.5 (AKJV) 0.504
1 Corinthians 7.3 (Tyndale) 0.504
Ephesians 5.33 (AKJV) 0.504
1 Corinthians 7.11 (Tyndale) 0.504
Psalms 83.14 (AKJV) 0.504
Romans 4.24 (Tyndale) 0.504
Isaiah 38.12 (AKJV) 0.504
Luke 23.41 (AKJV) 0.504
Psalms 68.20 (Geneva) 0.504
Psalms 34.3 (Geneva) 0.504
Romans 6.8 (AKJV) 0.503
Psalms 42.5 (AKJV) 0.503
2 Timothy 3.5 (ODRV) 0.503
2 Corinthians 5.4 (Tyndale) 0.503
Psalms 30.7 (AKJV) 0.503
Ecclesiasticus 39.21 (AKJV) 0.503
2 Corinthians 5.4 (ODRV) 0.502
1 Corinthians 15.38 (ODRV) 0.502
Psalms 26.6 (AKJV) 0.502
Psalms 27.8 (AKJV) 0.502
1 Peter 2.21 (Tyndale) 0.502
1 John 2.2 (Tyndale) 0.502
2 Corinthians 1.10 (Geneva) 0.502
John 6.46 (Geneva) 0.502
1 Corinthians 7.3 (ODRV) 0.501
1 Timothy 4.9 (Geneva) 0.501
Psalms 31.5 (Geneva) 0.501
Psalms 37.2 (AKJV) 0.501
Psalms 107.10 (AKJV) 0.501
1 Thessalonians 5.6 (Tyndale) 0.501
Psalms 84.4 (AKJV) 0.5
Romans 8.32 (ODRV) 0.5
Romans 8.24 (ODRV) 0.5
Psalms 7.1 (AKJV) 0.5
John 9.5 (Wycliffe) 0.5
1 Peter 1.22 (AKJV) 0.5
Psalms 103.12 (Geneva) 0.5
John 17.16 (ODRV) 0.5
Romans 15.6 (ODRV) 0.5
Lamentations 3.41 (AKJV) 0.499
1 Corinthians 7.11 (ODRV) 0.499
Matthew 22.32 (ODRV) 0.499
1 Corinthians 1.7 (AKJV) 0.499
Ephesians 2.18 (AKJV) 0.499
1 Peter 4.10 (Geneva) 0.499
Galatians 3.9 (Geneva) 0.499
Ephesians 2.4 (Geneva) 0.499
Ephesians 5.30 (Tyndale) 0.498
Romans 6.8 (ODRV) 0.498
Romans 1.17 (ODRV) 0.498
Romans 8.24 (Geneva) 0.498
Lamentations 3.41 (Geneva) 0.497
Hebrews 13.15 (AKJV) 0.497
Psalms 42.1 (AKJV) 0.496
1 Corinthians 3.16 (ODRV) 0.495
1 Corinthians 15.19 (ODRV) 0.495
Hebrews 2.15 (AKJV) 0.495
Exodus 33.20 (AKJV) 0.495
2 Corinthians 5.12 (ODRV) 0.495
Philippians 2.11 (Geneva) 0.494
1 Corinthians 7.31 (Geneva) 0.494
Psalms 94.8 (ODRV) 0.494
Romans 6.3 (Geneva) 0.493
Matthew 7.6 (AKJV) 0.493
1 Peter 5.6 (ODRV) 0.493
Psalms 27.4 (AKJV) 0.492
1 Corinthians 7.23 (Geneva) 0.491
Romans 10.10 (ODRV) 0.49
Romans 8.26 (Geneva) 0.49
Romans 14.12 (AKJV) 0.49
Psalms 122.1 (AKJV) 0.49
Job 21.32 (AKJV) 0.489
1 Corinthians 15.26 (AKJV) 0.489
Colossians 1.14 (Vulgate) 0.488
1 Corinthians 10.24 (Tyndale) 0.488
Colossians 2.9 (Geneva) 0.488
Colossians 2.9 (AKJV) 0.488
Isaiah 14.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.487
Ephesians 4.13 (ODRV) 0.486
1 Corinthians 6.20 (AKJV) 0.485
Luke 1.75 (AKJV) 0.484
Psalms 116.15 (Geneva) 0.481
1 Corinthians 13.12 (Geneva) 0.478
Romans 6.5 (AKJV) 0.473
Ephesians 4.12 (AKJV) 0.473
Romans 12.5 (AKJV) 0.472
1 Timothy 2.2 (Geneva) 0.47
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 0.79
Part Prominence
New Testament 18.76
Apocrypha 11.579
Old Testament -30.339
Diversity: 0.883
Evenness: 0.941
Book Prominence
2 Corinthians 22.604
Jonah 12.091
Judith 6.201
Numbers 4.852
1 Kings 4.833
Philippians 4.468
Job 4.0
Luke 3.148
Isaiah 2.959
Romans 2.519
Matthew 2.421
Psalms 1.216
Diversity: 0.951
Evenness: 0.971
Chapter Prominence
2 Corinthians 5 12.114
Jonah 2 6.215
Psalms 30 6.165
Psalms 39 6.106
Judith 6 3.123
Psalms 129 3.099
Psalms 40 3.058
Psalms 23 3.05
1 Kings 2 3.049
Numbers 23 3.043
Psalms 31 3.033
Psalms 6 3.032
Psalms 104 3.031
Psalms 27 3.009
Job 3 3.001
Isaiah 40 2.988
Luke 23 2.973
Psalms 90 2.959
Psalms 73 2.957
Psalms 51 2.946
Isaiah 5 2.91
Romans 7 2.908
Matthew 22 2.873
Philippians 1 2.856
Matthew 6 2.826
Romans 8 2.592
Diversity: 0.0
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
1 Kings 2.1 99.944
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase