Gifts, Spiritual

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 19.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 13.1% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 77.4% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 21.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 6.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.773
Evenness: 0.834
Part Prominence
Old Testament (AKJV) 31.89
Apocrypha (AKJV) 1.529
New Testament (Vulgate) 1.304
Old Testament (ODRV) -0.102
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -2.26
Old Testament (Geneva) -3.525
New Testament (Tyndale) -3.531
New Testament (Geneva) -4.695
New Testament (ODRV) -4.782
New Testament (AKJV) -5.808
Diversity: 0.955
Evenness: 0.954
Book Prominence
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 15.095
Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) 4.141
James (Vulgate) 2.214
1 Samuel (Geneva) 2.034
1 Timothy (Tyndale) 2.011
Wisdom (AKJV) 1.942
2 Timothy (Geneva) 1.895
Colossians (ODRV) 1.867
Jeremiah (Geneva) 1.846
Ephesians (Tyndale) 1.837
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 1.777
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.762
1 Timothy (Geneva) 1.761
Colossians (AKJV) 1.747
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 1.701
Job (Douay-Rheims) 1.684
1 John (AKJV) 1.681
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.674
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.644
James (AKJV) 1.64
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.507
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.453
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 1.445
Ephesians (AKJV) 1.384
Genesis (AKJV) 1.384
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.325
John (ODRV) 1.224
Job (AKJV) 1.224
Psalms (ODRV) 1.146
Romans (ODRV) 1.121
Luke (AKJV) 1.096
Matthew (ODRV) 0.915
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.864
Matthew (AKJV) 0.793
Psalms (Geneva) 0.598
Romans (AKJV) 0.581
Psalms (AKJV) -0.293
Diversity: 0.974
Evenness: 0.971
Chapter Prominence
Ecclesiastes 7 (AKJV) 10.673
Ecclesiastes 7 (Douay-Rheims) 3.021
James 3 (Vulgate) 1.534
1 Samuel 18 (Geneva) 1.532
Job 28 (Douay-Rheims) 1.527
Proverbs 8 (Douay-Rheims) 1.525
Wisdom 8 (AKJV) 1.524
Ecclesiastes 5 (Geneva) 1.524
Ecclesiastes 4 (Geneva) 1.519
Deuteronomy 4 (AKJV) 1.516
Psalms 36 (ODRV) 1.515
Genesis 37 (AKJV) 1.512
1 Timothy 6 (Tyndale) 1.511
Proverbs 12 (AKJV) 1.511
Colossians 4 (AKJV) 1.509
Jeremiah 17 (Geneva) 1.505
Job 19 (AKJV) 1.505
Psalms 85 (Geneva) 1.504
Proverbs 9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.5
John 9 (ODRV) 1.497
Colossians 4 (ODRV) 1.497
Psalms 109 (AKJV) 1.497
Proverbs 13 (AKJV) 1.497
Proverbs 14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.495
Psalms 112 (AKJV) 1.494
Proverbs 15 (Geneva) 1.492
Ecclesiastes 9 (Geneva) 1.492
Romans 7 (ODRV) 1.492
Ecclesiastes 1 (AKJV) 1.488
1 Corinthians 1 (Tyndale) 1.486
Proverbs 17 (AKJV) 1.486
Proverbs 8 (AKJV) 1.478
Matthew 12 (AKJV) 1.476
2 Timothy 3 (Geneva) 1.473
Ephesians 5 (Tyndale) 1.473
1 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 1.47
2 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 1.465
Luke 16 (AKJV) 1.458
Proverbs 11 (AKJV) 1.456
Proverbs 4 (AKJV) 1.45
Ecclesiastes 9 (AKJV) 1.441
1 Timothy 6 (ODRV) 1.436
1 John 2 (AKJV) 1.429
Matthew 7 (ODRV) 1.427
Ecclesiastes 3 (AKJV) 1.426
Proverbs 14 (AKJV) 1.412
Psalms 119 (Geneva) 1.412
James 1 (AKJV) 1.408
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 1.408
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 1.389
Ephesians 5 (ODRV) 1.387
Ephesians 5 (AKJV) 1.382
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 1.367
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 1.365
Romans 12 (AKJV) 1.362
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 1.33
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 1.275
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 1.204
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.973
Verse Prominence
Ecclesiastes 7.11 (AKJV) 9.995
Ecclesiastes 7.12 (AKJV) 2.856
Ecclesiastes 7.12 (Douay-Rheims) 2.856
Psalms 36.29 (ODRV) 1.428
Proverbs 8.19 (AKJV) 1.428
Ecclesiastes 5.2 (Geneva) 1.428
Job 19.18 (AKJV) 1.428
Ecclesiastes 9.16 (Geneva) 1.428
Proverbs 8.11 (Douay-Rheims) 1.427
1 Timothy 6.7 (Tyndale) 1.427
Proverbs 17.28 (AKJV) 1.427
1 Samuel 18.14 (Geneva) 1.427
Colossians 4.5 (AKJV) 1.427
Colossians 4.5 (ODRV) 1.427
Genesis 37.4 (AKJV) 1.427
Proverbs 14.24 (Douay-Rheims) 1.427
Psalms 119.24 (Geneva) 1.427
Proverbs 12.1 (AKJV) 1.427
Matthew 12.37 (AKJV) 1.426
James 3.2 (Vulgate) 1.426
Deuteronomy 4.6 (AKJV) 1.426
Jeremiah 17.11 (Geneva) 1.426
Romans 7.18 (ODRV) 1.426
Psalms 119.24 (AKJV) 1.426
Ecclesiastes 4.13 (Geneva) 1.426
Wisdom 8.5 (AKJV) 1.425
Matthew 12.34 (AKJV) 1.425
Psalms 109.10 (AKJV) 1.424
2 Corinthians 4.4 (ODRV) 1.424
Proverbs 13.20 (AKJV) 1.424
Romans 12.19 (AKJV) 1.424
2 Timothy 3.15 (Geneva) 1.423
Proverbs 14.29 (AKJV) 1.423
Proverbs 15.23 (Geneva) 1.423
James 1.5 (AKJV) 1.423
Job 28.28 (Douay-Rheims) 1.422
Ephesians 4.28 (AKJV) 1.422
Psalms 112.5 (AKJV) 1.421
Proverbs 11.25 (AKJV) 1.421
Ecclesiastes 1.9 (AKJV) 1.42
Ephesians 5.15 (AKJV) 1.42
Psalms 37.11 (AKJV) 1.419
Proverbs 11.4 (AKJV) 1.419
Matthew 7.6 (ODRV) 1.419
1 Timothy 6.7 (ODRV) 1.418
John 9.4 (ODRV) 1.417
Ephesians 5.8 (Tyndale) 1.417
1 Corinthians 1.26 (Tyndale) 1.414
Luke 16.9 (AKJV) 1.414
Proverbs 4.7 (AKJV) 1.414
Matthew 7.6 (AKJV) 1.414
James 1.17 (AKJV) 1.412
Ephesians 5.8 (ODRV) 1.412
Ecclesiastes 3.1 (AKJV) 1.41
Psalms 85.10 (Geneva) 1.406
2 Timothy 3.15 (AKJV) 1.404
1 John 2.15 (AKJV) 1.402
Proverbs 9.10 (Douay-Rheims) 1.401
Ecclesiastes 9.10 (AKJV) 1.401
1 Timothy 4.8 (Geneva) 1.401
Matthew 6.33 (AKJV) 1.395
Matthew 5.3 (ODRV) 1.378
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.962
Evenness: 0.996
Book Prominence
Proverbs 4.195
Colossians 2.164
1 Kings 2.155
1 John 2.118
James 2.043
2 Timothy 2.037
2 Samuel 1.973
1 Samuel 1.854
1 Timothy 1.773
Ecclesiastes 1.625
1 Peter 1.563
Ephesians 1.523
Deuteronomy 1.445
Jeremiah 1.333
Job 1.321
Revelation 1.295
2 Corinthians 1.175
Genesis 1.113
Hebrews 0.788
Acts 0.559
John 0.501
Luke 0.47
1 Corinthians 0.355
Isaiah 0.281
Romans -0.16
Matthew -0.258
Psalms -1.462
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.999
Chapter Prominence
Proverbs 30 2.645
1 Kings 4 1.358
1 Samuel 18 1.351
Job 28 1.346
Genesis 20 1.345
Isaiah 46 1.343
Psalms 111 1.34
Psalms 85 1.335
Proverbs 12 1.335
Ecclesiastes 4 1.333
Genesis 37 1.332
Psalms 109 1.328
1 Kings 3 1.328
Proverbs 2 1.323
Proverbs 9 1.321
Psalms 101 1.316
Job 19 1.313
Proverbs 13 1.311
Colossians 4 1.309
1 Samuel 25 1.307
Job 31 1.305
Ecclesiastes 5 1.301
Ecclesiastes 3 1.297
2 Samuel 18 1.297
Proverbs 4 1.297
Deuteronomy 4 1.296
Proverbs 19 1.294
Jeremiah 17 1.287
Psalms 112 1.285
Proverbs 15 1.285
Hebrews 7 1.262
1 Corinthians 8 1.262
Proverbs 11 1.256
John 9 1.248
James 3 1.242
Psalms 19 1.24
Job 1 1.232
Genesis 2 1.225
Psalms 90 1.223
Proverbs 8 1.217
Ecclesiastes 10 1.207
James 4 1.206
1 Peter 4 1.204
Proverbs 14 1.204
James 5 1.203
Psalms 37 1.203
Ecclesiastes 9 1.202
Matthew 12 1.197
Proverbs 10 1.194
Revelation 14 1.18
Revelation 21 1.173
Acts 20 1.173
Romans 7 1.172
Ecclesiastes 7 1.158
Luke 10 1.155
Proverbs 3 1.149
Luke 16 1.148
1 Timothy 4 1.146
2 Corinthians 6 1.143
1 Timothy 6 1.135
James 1 1.131
Deuteronomy 32 1.123
Ephesians 5 1.117
2 Timothy 3 1.108
Matthew 6 1.09
1 Corinthians 1 1.073
1 John 3 1.062
Romans 12 1.048
Ephesians 4 0.957
Matthew 5 0.889
Psalms 119 0.865
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.999
Verse Prominence
Proverbs 30.8 2.162
Proverbs 8.19 1.086
Isaiah 46.6 1.086
Ecclesiastes 5.3 1.086
1 Samuel 18.5 1.086
Job 19.16 1.086
Psalms 37.29 1.086
Proverbs 9.9 1.086
Proverbs 12.1 1.086
Genesis 2.20 1.085
1 Samuel 18.14 1.085
Genesis 20.16 1.085
Proverbs 19.7 1.085
James 1.9 1.085
1 Kings 3.13 1.085
Ecclesiastes 4.13 1.085
Ecclesiastes 7.11 1.084
Proverbs 10.19 1.084
Psalms 109.10 1.084
Genesis 37.4 1.084
Proverbs 13.20 1.084
Proverbs 3.7 1.084
1 Kings 4.29 1.083
Genesis 2.19 1.083
Proverbs 14.16 1.083
1 Samuel 25.17 1.083
2 Samuel 18.9 1.083
Ecclesiastes 10.10 1.083
Proverbs 13.22 1.083
Proverbs 2.5 1.083
1 Kings 3.11 1.083
Psalms 119.99 1.083
Psalms 119.100 1.083
Matthew 12.37 1.082
Hebrews 7.3 1.082
Ecclesiastes 5.13 1.082
1 Kings 3.12 1.082
Psalms 119.98 1.082
1 Corinthians 8.2 1.082
Luke 16.8 1.081
Psalms 112.5 1.081
Matthew 5.5 1.081
1 Timothy 6.7 1.08
Job 31.1 1.08
James 4.13 1.08
Acts 20.35 1.079
Ecclesiastes 9.16 1.079
Luke 10.41 1.079
Proverbs 14.29 1.079
James 5.3 1.078
Proverbs 15.23 1.078
1 Peter 4.19 1.078
Proverbs 11.24 1.078
Matthew 12.34 1.078
Psalms 101.2 1.077
Proverbs 4.7 1.077
James 3.13 1.077
Deuteronomy 4.6 1.076
Ephesians 4.28 1.076
Proverbs 2.4 1.076
Psalms 111.10 1.075
Revelation 21.23 1.075
1 John 3.17 1.075
Ecclesiastes 3.1 1.075
Proverbs 11.25 1.074
Romans 7.18 1.074
Jeremiah 17.11 1.073
Proverbs 2.3 1.073
Job 28.28 1.072
Proverbs 11.4 1.072
Luke 10.42 1.071
James 1.5 1.071
Psalms 85.10 1.07
Romans 12.16 1.07
Ecclesiastes 9.11 1.069
James 3.2 1.067
2 Corinthians 6.10 1.064
Ephesians 5.15 1.061
Luke 16.9 1.061
Psalms 19.7 1.061
2 Timothy 3.15 1.061
John 9.4 1.06
Deuteronomy 32.29 1.059
James 4.14 1.058
Psalms 90.12 1.057
1 Corinthians 1.26 1.054
Ecclesiastes 10.19 1.053
Job 1.21 1.051
Matthew 6.33 1.042
1 Timothy 4.8 1.029
Revelation 14.13 0.966
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase