Bishops

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 8.7% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 6.0% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 88.0% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.6% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 3.3% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 10.4% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.9% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.816
Evenness: 0.976
Part Prominence
New Testament (ODRV) 17.539
New Testament (Vulgate) 9.34
Old Testament (Geneva) 4.511
New Testament (Tyndale) 4.505
New Testament (Geneva) 3.341
New Testament (AKJV) 2.227
Diversity: 0.961
Evenness: 0.99
Book Prominence
Titus (AKJV) 5.971
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 5.686
John (ODRV) 5.403
3 John (AKJV) 3.201
Acts (Vulgate) 3.186
Colossians (Tyndale) 2.968
Galatians (Tyndale) 2.821
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 2.78
Acts (Tyndale) 2.701
Colossians (AKJV) 2.7
Acts (Geneva) 2.696
Acts (ODRV) 2.522
Job (Geneva) 2.515
1 Peter (AKJV) 2.437
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 2.406
Acts (AKJV) 2.39
John (Tyndale) 2.389
John (Geneva) 2.369
Ephesians (AKJV) 2.337
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 2.327
Proverbs (Geneva) 2.278
Matthew (Tyndale) 2.204
Hebrews (AKJV) 2.142
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 2.082
Matthew (Geneva) 2.055
Matthew (ODRV) 1.868
Matthew (AKJV) 1.746
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.699
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.989
Chapter Prominence
Matthew 9 (AKJV) 4.846
2 Corinthians 1 (ODRV) 4.834
John 5 (ODRV) 4.807
Titus 1 (AKJV) 4.783
1 Corinthians 14 (AKJV) 4.73
Acts 2 (Vulgate) 2.435
Acts 14 (Tyndale) 2.435
2 Corinthians 13 (Tyndale) 2.428
3 John 1 (AKJV) 2.426
Proverbs 13 (Geneva) 2.422
Acts 1 (ODRV) 2.421
Job 38 (Geneva) 2.42
Colossians 4 (Tyndale) 2.417
Acts 20 (Geneva) 2.416
Matthew 28 (Geneva) 2.413
Acts 1 (Tyndale) 2.412
Acts 15 (AKJV) 2.41
Colossians 4 (AKJV) 2.41
Acts 14 (AKJV) 2.408
Matthew 9 (Tyndale) 2.406
John 20 (Tyndale) 2.402
John 20 (Geneva) 2.402
Matthew 18 (Geneva) 2.397
Matthew 18 (ODRV) 2.397
Galatians 1 (Tyndale) 2.395
Matthew 28 (AKJV) 2.39
2 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 2.381
Ephesians 3 (AKJV) 2.377
1 Corinthians 10 (Tyndale) 2.361
1 Corinthians 12 (ODRV) 2.329
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 2.31
1 Corinthians 11 (ODRV) 2.308
John 6 (ODRV) 2.307
Hebrews 13 (AKJV) 2.283
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 2.274
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 2.228
Diversity: 0.973
Evenness: 0.989
Verse Prominence
2 Corinthians 1.1 (ODRV) 4.346
Matthew 9.16 (AKJV) 4.345
John 5.22 (ODRV) 4.34
Matthew 18.17 (Geneva) 4.337
Titus 1.5 (AKJV) 4.317
1 Corinthians 14.40 (AKJV) 4.288
Acts 14.21 (AKJV) 2.173
Acts 14.7 (Tyndale) 2.173
Acts 14.24 (AKJV) 2.173
Job 38.6 (Geneva) 2.173
Matthew 9.6 (Tyndale) 2.173
Acts 1.25 (Tyndale) 2.173
1 Corinthians 12.30 (ODRV) 2.173
3 John 1.10 (AKJV) 2.173
2 Corinthians 13.2 (Tyndale) 2.173
Acts 15.36 (AKJV) 2.173
1 Corinthians 11.2 (ODRV) 2.173
Acts 2.42 (Vulgate) 2.172
Proverbs 13.24 (Geneva) 2.172
John 20.21 (Geneva) 2.172
1 Corinthians 15.8 (Tyndale) 2.172
Acts 15.41 (AKJV) 2.172
Acts 20.7 (Geneva) 2.172
1 Corinthians 11.34 (AKJV) 2.171
Matthew 28.18 (Geneva) 2.171
Acts 1.25 (ODRV) 2.171
John 6.34 (ODRV) 2.171
2 Corinthians 11.28 (AKJV) 2.17
Matthew 18.17 (ODRV) 2.17
1 Corinthians 10.3 (Tyndale) 2.17
Matthew 18.15 (Geneva) 2.169
John 20.21 (Tyndale) 2.168
Galatians 1.1 (Tyndale) 2.167
Ephesians 3.4 (AKJV) 2.167
Colossians 4.17 (Tyndale) 2.164
1 Peter 5.3 (AKJV) 2.161
Colossians 4.17 (AKJV) 2.158
Hebrews 13.17 (AKJV) 2.149
Matthew 28.20 (AKJV) 2.147
John 6.55 (ODRV) 2.141
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.0
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
New Testament 52.093
Diversity: 0.92
Evenness: 0.971
Book Prominence
Matthew 12.837
Titus 9.95
Colossians 4.148
1 John 4.102
2 Timothy 4.022
Philippians 3.774
1 Timothy 3.757
1 Peter 3.547
Ephesians 3.507
2 Corinthians 3.16
Hebrews 2.772
Acts 2.543
John 2.486
1 Corinthians 2.339
Romans 1.824
Diversity: 0.966
Evenness: 0.988
Chapter Prominence
Matthew 28 8.078
Titus 1 5.369
Colossians 4 2.698
Acts 14 2.677
2 Corinthians 13 2.674
John 21 2.666
1 Corinthians 5 2.648
Matthew 9 2.635
Acts 1 2.615
John 20 2.614
1 Timothy 3 2.613
2 Corinthians 11 2.604
2 Timothy 1 2.603
Acts 15 2.601
Matthew 21 2.596
John 13 2.587
1 Peter 5 2.584
Romans 11 2.568
Matthew 19 2.564
Acts 20 2.562
1 Timothy 5 2.558
Philippians 4 2.548
Matthew 18 2.535
John 5 2.534
Ephesians 6 2.531
Ephesians 2 2.519
Acts 2 2.482
1 Corinthians 1 2.462
1 John 3 2.45
Hebrews 13 2.386
1 Corinthians 11 2.376
1 Corinthians 15 2.334
1 Peter 2 2.325
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.989
Verse Prominence
Matthew 28.19 7.415
Titus 1.5 4.971
Acts 15.36 2.499
Matthew 9.16 2.498
1 Corinthians 15.8 2.497
2 Corinthians 13.2 2.497
Matthew 9.6 2.495
Matthew 21.42 2.495
John 13.13 2.495
1 Corinthians 1.11 2.495
Acts 1.20 2.494
Matthew 18.15 2.492
1 Timothy 3.5 2.492
Colossians 4.17 2.492
Philippians 4.3 2.49
Acts 14.23 2.489
John 21.16 2.489
Acts 1.25 2.489
1 Corinthians 5.5 2.488
John 5.22 2.487
1 Peter 2.25 2.487
2 Corinthians 11.28 2.485
Acts 20.7 2.485
John 20.23 2.483
1 John 3.10 2.482
1 Timothy 5.22 2.481
Hebrews 13.20 2.48
Romans 11.13 2.48
1 Peter 5.3 2.479
Matthew 19.28 2.478
2 Timothy 1.6 2.477
Ephesians 2.20 2.474
Acts 2.42 2.474
John 20.21 2.47
1 Timothy 5.17 2.443
Hebrews 13.17 2.441
Matthew 28.20 2.433
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase