Howson, Robert

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 25.1% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 16.2% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 53.6% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 33.0% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 21.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.876
Evenness: 0.977
Part Prominence
New Testament (Geneva) 7.649
Old Testament (AKJV) 7.34
New Testament (Wycliffe) 6.803
Old Testament (ODRV) 2.584
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.946
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.112
New Testament (Tyndale) -0.439
New Testament (ODRV) -1.382
New Testament (AKJV) -2.494
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 0.989
Book Prominence
James (ODRV) 2.981
1 John (AKJV) 2.872
Isaiah (Geneva) 2.614
John (AKJV) 2.411
Isaiah (AKJV) 2.347
Romans (Geneva) 2.058
Romans (AKJV) 1.83
John (Wycliffe) 1.52
Hosea (Geneva) 1.51
2 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.464
Leviticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.456
Canticles (AKJV) 1.454
Colossians (Tyndale) 1.442
Exodus (ODRV) 1.376
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.292
Psalms (AKJV) 1.285
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.276
1 John (Geneva) 1.266
1 John (Tyndale) 1.241
Galatians (Geneva) 1.23
Colossians (AKJV) 1.215
Ephesians (Tyndale) 1.187
Revelation (AKJV) 1.174
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.102
James (AKJV) 1.098
Galatians (AKJV) 1.049
Philippians (AKJV) 0.993
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.981
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.967
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.959
Philippians (ODRV) 0.943
John (Geneva) 0.901
John (Tyndale) 0.888
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.886
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.884
Luke (Geneva) 0.874
Luke (ODRV) 0.83
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.81
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.805
John (ODRV) 0.724
Matthew (Geneva) 0.683
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.666
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.615
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.562
Romans (ODRV) 0.561
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.477
Matthew (ODRV) 0.441
Matthew (AKJV) 0.316
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.279
Psalms (Geneva) 0.214
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.992
Chapter Prominence
Isaiah 58 (Geneva) 2.242
1 John 1 (AKJV) 2.218
James 3 (ODRV) 2.207
Romans 4 (Geneva) 2.198
Romans 4 (AKJV) 2.196
Isaiah 1 (Geneva) 2.195
John 15 (AKJV) 2.193
Isaiah 1 (AKJV) 2.167
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 2.061
Leviticus 15 (Douay-Rheims) 1.135
John 6 (Wycliffe) 1.126
Hosea 11 (Geneva) 1.125
Revelation 4 (AKJV) 1.119
Proverbs 24 (Geneva) 1.117
Deuteronomy 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.106
2 Corinthians 13 (Geneva) 1.106
Ephesians 3 (ODRV) 1.103
Luke 11 (Geneva) 1.103
Canticles 1 (AKJV) 1.102
Psalms 30 (AKJV) 1.101
2 Thessalonians 3 (AKJV) 1.096
Exodus 20 (ODRV) 1.093
Psalms 4 (AKJV) 1.093
John 13 (ODRV) 1.09
John 15 (ODRV) 1.09
John 4 (Geneva) 1.09
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 1.089
Psalms 34 (Geneva) 1.084
Ephesians 3 (Tyndale) 1.084
Psalms 16 (Geneva) 1.078
Ephesians 3 (AKJV) 1.077
Luke 10 (ODRV) 1.075
Colossians 1 (Tyndale) 1.074
Romans 15 (AKJV) 1.067
1 John 4 (Geneva) 1.066
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 1.064
Psalms 19 (AKJV) 1.059
John 14 (ODRV) 1.058
Matthew 26 (ODRV) 1.058
James 4 (AKJV) 1.056
Matthew 22 (Tyndale) 1.055
Romans 15 (ODRV) 1.054
Ephesians 6 (AKJV) 1.053
Proverbs 11 (AKJV) 1.052
1 Peter 3 (AKJV) 1.051
Proverbs 3 (AKJV) 1.049
1 John 5 (Geneva) 1.048
Matthew 6 (Geneva) 1.046
Matthew 22 (AKJV) 1.041
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 1.04
Matthew 25 (ODRV) 1.03
1 John 4 (AKJV) 1.03
John 4 (AKJV) 1.024
John 6 (Tyndale) 1.022
1 John 2 (AKJV) 1.022
Hebrews 11 (Geneva) 1.021
Romans 14 (Geneva) 1.019
Hebrews 12 (AKJV) 1.017
Galatians 5 (Geneva) 1.014
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 1.014
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 1.012
2 Peter 1 (AKJV) 1.01
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 1.01
1 John 4 (Tyndale) 1.006
1 John 3 (AKJV) 0.997
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.989
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 0.988
Romans 13 (ODRV) 0.988
Hebrews 11 (AKJV) 0.982
Philippians 4 (AKJV) 0.981
Philippians 3 (ODRV) 0.977
Galatians 5 (AKJV) 0.963
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.96
Romans 8 (ODRV) 0.952
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.945
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.929
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 0.866
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.844
Romans 8 (AKJV) 0.834
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.994
Verse Prominence
Isaiah 1.14 (AKJV) 1.903
Isaiah 58.13 (Geneva) 1.901
Isaiah 1.11 (Geneva) 1.901
Romans 4.15 (Geneva) 1.898
Romans 4.15 (AKJV) 1.897
John 15.19 (AKJV) 1.895
Psalms 119.103 (AKJV) 1.893
1 John 1.3 (AKJV) 1.888
James 3.15 (ODRV) 1.878
Deuteronomy 4.17 (Douay-Rheims) 0.952
Leviticus 15.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.952
John 6.44 (Wycliffe) 0.951
Proverbs 24.13 (Geneva) 0.951
Luke 10.27 (ODRV) 0.951
Psalms 16.2 (Geneva) 0.951
Canticles 1.3 (AKJV) 0.951
Ephesians 6.2 (AKJV) 0.951
1 John 2.5 (AKJV) 0.951
1 John 5.2 (Geneva) 0.951
Colossians 1.8 (Tyndale) 0.951
Hosea 11.4 (Geneva) 0.95
2 Peter 1.3 (AKJV) 0.95
John 15.12 (ODRV) 0.95
Romans 8.5 (ODRV) 0.95
Psalms 16.2 (AKJV) 0.95
Romans 14.17 (Geneva) 0.95
Galatians 6.15 (Geneva) 0.95
Psalms 19.11 (AKJV) 0.95
Revelation 4.10 (AKJV) 0.95
Matthew 25.37 (ODRV) 0.95
Matthew 26.11 (ODRV) 0.95
Ephesians 3.8 (ODRV) 0.949
1 John 4.21 (AKJV) 0.949
1 Corinthians 15.48 (Geneva) 0.949
John 4.34 (AKJV) 0.949
Galatians 5.23 (AKJV) 0.949
2 Thessalonians 3.2 (AKJV) 0.949
Matthew 22.40 (AKJV) 0.949
Isaiah 1.12 (AKJV) 0.949
Proverbs 11.17 (AKJV) 0.949
Matthew 25.40 (AKJV) 0.949
Matthew 6.20 (Geneva) 0.949
Psalms 16.3 (AKJV) 0.948
1 Corinthians 3.4 (AKJV) 0.948
John 15.19 (ODRV) 0.948
1 Corinthians 15.47 (AKJV) 0.947
1 Corinthians 15.47 (ODRV) 0.947
James 4.2 (AKJV) 0.947
Isaiah 1.11 (AKJV) 0.947
Isaiah 1.13 (AKJV) 0.947
2 Peter 1.4 (AKJV) 0.946
Psalms 37.4 (AKJV) 0.946
Matthew 25.35 (ODRV) 0.946
Luke 11.2 (Geneva) 0.946
1 John 4.20 (Geneva) 0.946
Psalms 34.8 (Geneva) 0.945
Matthew 22.38 (AKJV) 0.945
John 13.34 (ODRV) 0.945
Matthew 22.37 (ODRV) 0.945
1 Peter 3.8 (AKJV) 0.945
Romans 8.1 (Geneva) 0.944
Psalms 4.6 (AKJV) 0.944
Romans 8.2 (AKJV) 0.943
1 John 3.14 (AKJV) 0.943
2 Corinthians 13.11 (Geneva) 0.943
Ephesians 3.18 (AKJV) 0.942
John 14.15 (ODRV) 0.942
John 4.24 (Geneva) 0.942
Romans 15.5 (AKJV) 0.941
Romans 12.11 (AKJV) 0.94
John 6.44 (Tyndale) 0.939
1 John 4.16 (Tyndale) 0.939
1 John 4.20 (AKJV) 0.939
2 Corinthians 4.6 (AKJV) 0.939
Romans 13.7 (ODRV) 0.939
Hebrews 12.23 (AKJV) 0.939
Hebrews 11.26 (Geneva) 0.938
Psalms 30.5 (AKJV) 0.938
Colossians 1.12 (AKJV) 0.938
Galatians 5.25 (AKJV) 0.937
Galatians 5.25 (Geneva) 0.937
Proverbs 3.17 (AKJV) 0.937
Romans 8.9 (AKJV) 0.935
Psalms 4.7 (AKJV) 0.935
James 4.1 (AKJV) 0.934
Exodus 20.8 (ODRV) 0.934
Philippians 4.7 (AKJV) 0.93
Matthew 25.34 (ODRV) 0.928
Ephesians 3.19 (Tyndale) 0.927
Romans 15.13 (ODRV) 0.926
Hebrews 11.1 (AKJV) 0.926
Matthew 22.39 (ODRV) 0.924
Matthew 22.37 (Tyndale) 0.922
Galatians 5.22 (AKJV) 0.921
John 4.24 (AKJV) 0.888
Philippians 3.20 (ODRV) 0.866
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.938
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Canticles 5.464
2 Thessalonians 5.368
Leviticus 5.173
Hosea 4.978
2 Peter 4.916
1 John 4.759
Colossians 4.741
James 4.671
Galatians 4.455
Hebrews 3.614
John 3.287
1 Corinthians 3.081
Isaiah 3.069
Romans 2.58
Matthew 2.521
Psalms 2.045
Diversity: 0.968
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Hosea 11 3.163
Psalms 110 3.157
Canticles 1 3.146
2 Thessalonians 3 3.145
Psalms 30 3.143
Leviticus 19 3.106
Isaiah 58 3.106
Psalms 19 3.075
Psalms 4 3.072
1 John 4 3.059
James 4 3.053
Isaiah 53 3.049
Psalms 16 3.044
John 15 3.023
John 13 3.021
1 John 2 3.021
John 4 3.014
Colossians 1 3.003
2 Peter 1 2.991
Matthew 22 2.987
1 Corinthians 3 2.973
Romans 14 2.963
Galatians 5 2.963
John 1 2.957
Isaiah 1 2.938
Romans 12 2.907
Hebrews 13 2.889
Matthew 25 2.832
Hebrews 11 2.822
1 Corinthians 15 2.819
Romans 8 2.648
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Colossians 1.8 2.221
1 John 2.10 2.22
Isaiah 58.14 2.219
1 John 2.5 2.219
Colossians 1.7 2.219
Matthew 22.40 2.218
Isaiah 1.14 2.218
2 Thessalonians 3.1 2.216
Psalms 19.11 2.216
Isaiah 1.13 2.215
1 John 4.21 2.215
Hebrews 13.1 2.213
2 Peter 1.3 2.213
Canticles 1.3 2.212
2 Thessalonians 3.2 2.212
Leviticus 19.18 2.211
Psalms 19.10 2.211
Psalms 16.2 2.21
Matthew 22.38 2.21
Isaiah 1.12 2.21
John 13.34 2.209
1 Corinthians 3.4 2.209
Matthew 22.39 2.209
Isaiah 58.13 2.209
James 4.2 2.208
Isaiah 53.10 2.208
John 1.4 2.207
Isaiah 1.11 2.206
Hosea 11.4 2.205
Romans 8.9 2.205
John 15.19 2.205
Matthew 22.37 2.205
Psalms 16.3 2.204
Psalms 110.3 2.203
John 4.24 2.199
Romans 12.11 2.199
John 1.3 2.193
Psalms 4.6 2.192
Romans 14.17 2.189
James 4.1 2.189
Hebrews 11.1 2.188
Matthew 25.34 2.181
Galatians 5.22 2.175
2 Peter 1.4 2.175
Psalms 4.7 2.169
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase