Early English Printed Sermons


Foster, William, 1591-1643

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 15.4% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 10.1% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 70.4% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 2.4% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 1.2% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 20.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 9.6% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.9% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 1.7% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 2.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.9% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 1.7% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 1.0% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.7% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.7% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 1.0% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.7% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.7% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.901
Evenness: 0.966
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 11.57
New Testament (Vulgate) 5.683
Old Testament (Vulgate) 3.203
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 1.402
New Testament (ODRV) 0.638
New Testament (Geneva) 0.578
New Testament (AKJV) -0.473
Old Testament (ODRV) -0.952
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -2.589
Old Testament (Geneva) -3.647
New Testament (Tyndale) -3.975
Old Testament (AKJV) -5.286
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.979
Book Prominence
James (AKJV) 5.723
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 4.144
James (Vulgate) 3.108
James (Geneva) 2.73
James (ODRV) 2.707
Romans (ODRV) 2.011
Romans (Geneva) 1.785
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.729
Romans (AKJV) 1.557
Proverbs (Vulgate) 1.519
Luke (Vulgate) 1.442
James (Tyndale) 1.319
John (Vulgate) 1.319
Romans (Vulgate) 1.308
Jude (AKJV) 1.287
Exodus (ODRV) 1.239
Lamentations (AKJV) 1.227
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.156
Jeremiah (Geneva) 1.128
Hebrews (Tyndale) 1.124
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 1.122
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.097
Genesis (ODRV) 1.054
Revelation (Geneva) 1.046
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 1.045
Revelation (AKJV) 1.037
Revelation (ODRV) 1.03
1 John (AKJV) 1.011
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 0.893
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.862
Job (Geneva) 0.86
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.844
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.823
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.803
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.749
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.732
Genesis (AKJV) 0.731
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.673
Job (AKJV) 0.673
Romans (Tyndale) 0.668
Matthew (Geneva) 0.546
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.529
Psalms (ODRV) 0.488
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.486
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.478
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.426
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.34
Matthew (ODRV) 0.304
Matthew (AKJV) 0.179
Psalms (Geneva) 0.077
Psalms (AKJV) -0.576
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.978
Chapter Prominence
Romans 6 (ODRV) 4.229
James 1 (AKJV) 4.218
Ecclesiasticus 21 (AKJV) 3.245
James 4 (AKJV) 3.181
James 3 (Vulgate) 2.168
Romans 4 (ODRV) 2.127
James 3 (ODRV) 2.108
James 1 (Geneva) 2.102
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 2.091
Romans 6 (AKJV) 1.968
Romans 6 (Geneva) 1.967
Luke 19 (Vulgate) 1.084
Proverbs 1 (Vulgate) 1.083
Exodus 17 (ODRV) 1.082
John 14 (Vulgate) 1.077
Proverbs 9 (Geneva) 1.075
Psalms 32 (Geneva) 1.073
Genesis 19 (ODRV) 1.072
Ecclesiasticus 44 (AKJV) 1.072
Psalms 12 (Geneva) 1.07
Proverbs 12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.07
Matthew 17 (ODRV) 1.07
Job 15 (AKJV) 1.069
Ecclesiastes 5 (Geneva) 1.069
Isaiah 56 (AKJV) 1.069
Matthew 4 (Tyndale) 1.067
Jeremiah 13 (Geneva) 1.067
Matthew 8 (Geneva) 1.064
Hebrews 9 (Tyndale) 1.061
Romans 6 (Vulgate) 1.061
Job 4 (Geneva) 1.06
James 3 (Tyndale) 1.056
Proverbs 4 (Geneva) 1.055
Psalms 18 (ODRV) 1.054
Matthew 4 (Geneva) 1.053
Psalms 141 (AKJV) 1.053
Jeremiah 17 (Geneva) 1.051
Proverbs 13 (AKJV) 1.051
Ecclesiasticus 25 (Douay-Rheims) 1.048
Revelation 2 (AKJV) 1.048
Deuteronomy 5 (Douay-Rheims) 1.045
Psalms 32 (AKJV) 1.044
Ecclesiasticus 31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.042
Matthew 27 (AKJV) 1.037
Matthew 26 (Geneva) 1.037
Psalms 2 (ODRV) 1.036
Psalms 58 (AKJV) 1.036
Psalms 39 (AKJV) 1.036
Proverbs 10 (AKJV) 1.036
Matthew 15 (ODRV) 1.034
1 John 1 (AKJV) 1.032
Revelation 14 (ODRV) 1.031
Deuteronomy 5 (AKJV) 1.028
Matthew 12 (AKJV) 1.028
Revelation 20 (Geneva) 1.025
Psalms 68 (AKJV) 1.022
Revelation 20 (AKJV) 1.021
Psalms 14 (AKJV) 1.018
Genesis 49 (AKJV) 1.016
Proverbs 4 (AKJV) 1.015
1 Corinthians 6 (Geneva) 1.013
Psalms 19 (AKJV) 1.01
Ephesians 6 (Geneva) 1.009
2 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 1.002
Romans 3 (Tyndale) 0.995
Romans 3 (Geneva) 0.995
Lamentations 3 (AKJV) 0.991
Romans 3 (ODRV) 0.969
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 0.951
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 0.933
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 0.921
Jude 1 (AKJV) 0.906
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 0.816
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.795
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.767
Diversity: 0.971
Evenness: 0.92
Verse Prominence
Romans 6.12 (Geneva) 12.214
Romans 6.12 (AKJV) 5.746
Romans 6.12 (ODRV) 4.313
Romans 6.13 (AKJV) 2.87
Romans 6.14 (ODRV) 2.865
James 1.15 (AKJV) 2.848
James 4.7 (AKJV) 2.155
Ecclesiasticus 21.2 (AKJV) 2.155
Romans 6.6 (AKJV) 2.149
James 3.2 (Vulgate) 1.437
James 1.15 (Geneva) 1.437
Romans 4.8 (ODRV) 1.436
James 3.2 (ODRV) 1.436
1 Corinthians 9.27 (AKJV) 1.429
Romans 6.23 (Geneva) 1.383
Romans 6.23 (AKJV) 1.382
Luke 19.14 (Vulgate) 0.719
Psalms 58.8 (AKJV) 0.719
Matthew 8.22 (Geneva) 0.719
Job 4.1 (Geneva) 0.719
Matthew 26.73 (Geneva) 0.719
Proverbs 13.3 (AKJV) 0.719
Ecclesiastes 5.2 (Geneva) 0.719
Isaiah 56.2 (AKJV) 0.719
Proverbs 1.17 (Vulgate) 0.719
Exodus 17.11 (ODRV) 0.719
Matthew 27.20 (AKJV) 0.718
Matthew 4.7 (Tyndale) 0.718
Matthew 4.11 (Geneva) 0.718
1 Corinthians 6.18 (Geneva) 0.718
Matthew 15.19 (ODRV) 0.718
Job 15.35 (AKJV) 0.718
Proverbs 12.22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.718
Proverbs 10.19 (AKJV) 0.718
James 3.2 (Tyndale) 0.717
Ecclesiasticus 25.22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.717
Ecclesiasticus 44.14 (AKJV) 0.717
Proverbs 9.18 (Geneva) 0.717
Matthew 12.37 (AKJV) 0.717
James 1.26 (Geneva) 0.717
1 Corinthians 15.55 (Tyndale) 0.716
1 Corinthians 15.54 (Geneva) 0.716
Proverbs 4.23 (Geneva) 0.716
Matthew 12.34 (AKJV) 0.716
Psalms 32.1 (Geneva) 0.716
Ephesians 4.29 (AKJV) 0.715
Deuteronomy 5.11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.715
Deuteronomy 5.19 (Douay-Rheims) 0.715
Romans 3.10 (ODRV) 0.715
John 14.6 (Vulgate) 0.715
Matthew 17.21 (ODRV) 0.715
Romans 6.12 (Vulgate) 0.715
Psalms 18.13 (ODRV) 0.714
Deuteronomy 5.7 (AKJV) 0.714
Genesis 19.24 (ODRV) 0.714
1 Corinthians 15.18 (Geneva) 0.714
Genesis 49.5 (AKJV) 0.714
Ecclesiasticus 31.37 (Douay-Rheims) 0.714
Psalms 39.1 (AKJV) 0.714
Psalms 32.2 (AKJV) 0.714
Romans 3.10 (Tyndale) 0.713
Psalms 19.13 (AKJV) 0.713
Romans 3.13 (Geneva) 0.713
Psalms 68.21 (AKJV) 0.713
1 John 1.8 (AKJV) 0.712
Hebrews 9.27 (Tyndale) 0.712
Jeremiah 13.23 (Geneva) 0.71
Psalms 12.4 (Geneva) 0.71
Revelation 2.10 (AKJV) 0.71
Ephesians 6.16 (Geneva) 0.709
Deuteronomy 5.20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.709
Lamentations 3.41 (AKJV) 0.709
Psalms 2.3 (ODRV) 0.708
Psalms 58.5 (AKJV) 0.708
Psalms 141.3 (AKJV) 0.708
1 Thessalonians 5.6 (AKJV) 0.707
Proverbs 4.23 (AKJV) 0.7
Jeremiah 17.9 (Geneva) 0.698
2 Corinthians 11.14 (Geneva) 0.696
Revelation 20.14 (Geneva) 0.692
Revelation 20.14 (AKJV) 0.691
1 Corinthians 15.26 (Geneva) 0.688
1 Corinthians 15.56 (ODRV) 0.681
Revelation 14.13 (ODRV) 0.679
1 Corinthians 15.53 (Geneva) 0.678
Psalms 14.1 (AKJV) 0.673
1 Corinthians 15.55 (Geneva) 0.669
Jude 1.25 (AKJV) 0.667
1 Peter 5.11 (AKJV) 0.639
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.667
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha 25.909
Old Testament -12.776
New Testament -13.133
Diversity: 0.957
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
Ecclesiastes 6.174
4 Kings 3.927
Ecclesiasticus 3.74
Leviticus 2.923
1 John 2.509
James 2.421
Ezekiel 2.332
1 Timothy 2.119
Revelation 2.033
Jeremiah 1.893
Exodus 1.888
Ephesians 1.852
2 Corinthians 1.788
Job 1.754
Genesis 1.426
Hebrews 1.364
Proverbs 1.309
Luke 1.127
John 1.037
1 Corinthians 0.831
Isaiah 0.819
Romans 0.33
Matthew 0.271
Psalms -0.205
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
Ecclesiastes 5 3.816
4 Kings 4 1.954
Ecclesiasticus 21 1.95
Leviticus 16 1.938
Proverbs 12 1.903
Jeremiah 13 1.901
Job 4 1.898
Psalms 58 1.895
Exodus 17 1.894
Psalms 38 1.894
Isaiah 56 1.891
Proverbs 4 1.888
Proverbs 13 1.881
Psalms 36 1.871
Psalms 12 1.87
Psalms 32 1.864
Jeremiah 17 1.859
Jeremiah 3 1.858
Psalms 14 1.85
Psalms 68 1.85
Ezekiel 18 1.848
Matthew 17 1.837
Proverbs 1 1.832
1 John 1 1.83
Psalms 39 1.819
James 3 1.817
Psalms 19 1.81
Matthew 27 1.803
2 Corinthians 11 1.803
Revelation 14 1.801
1 Corinthians 9 1.8
Matthew 15 1.798
Matthew 4 1.797
James 4 1.788
Genesis 49 1.782
Matthew 8 1.776
Matthew 12 1.775
Proverbs 10 1.775
1 Timothy 5 1.773
Revelation 2 1.773
John 11 1.763
Luke 19 1.761
Ephesians 6 1.721
Hebrews 9 1.716
James 1 1.71
Luke 16 1.678
Romans 6 1.669
Matthew 26 1.625
1 Corinthians 15 1.554
Ephesians 4 1.52
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.998
Verse Prominence
Ecclesiastes 5.3 3.33
Proverbs 13.3 1.666
Psalms 58.7 1.666
Ecclesiasticus 21.2 1.665
Job 4.2 1.665
Matthew 26.73 1.665
Proverbs 12.2 1.665
Isaiah 56.2 1.665
Matthew 27.21 1.664
Psalms 14.5 1.664
Luke 19.12 1.664
Proverbs 12.22 1.664
Proverbs 10.19 1.664
Proverbs 1.17 1.664
Exodus 17.9 1.664
Matthew 4.7 1.663
Matthew 4.11 1.663
Matthew 12.37 1.663
Jeremiah 3.3 1.662
Matthew 8.22 1.662
1 Corinthians 15.45 1.662
Matthew 26.37 1.661
Psalms 68.21 1.66
Psalms 12.2 1.66
Matthew 12.32 1.658
1 Corinthians 15.33 1.658
Matthew 17.21 1.658
Ezekiel 18.4 1.657
Psalms 32.2 1.657
Genesis 49.5 1.657
Matthew 15.19 1.657
Psalms 19.12 1.655
1 Corinthians 15.44 1.655
Ephesians 4.29 1.655
Psalms 12.4 1.654
Luke 16.24 1.654
Romans 6.12 1.653
1 Timothy 5.6 1.653
James 1.26 1.653
Ephesians 4.10 1.653
Ephesians 6.16 1.651
Ephesians 6.17 1.651
Psalms 39.1 1.65
2 Corinthians 11.14 1.649
Luke 19.14 1.649
1 John 1.8 1.648
Jeremiah 13.23 1.648
James 4.7 1.645
James 1.15 1.645
Jeremiah 17.9 1.645
Proverbs 4.23 1.645
James 3.2 1.644
Psalms 32.1 1.643
1 Corinthians 9.27 1.641
Psalms 14.1 1.633
Romans 6.23 1.614
Revelation 2.10 1.613
Hebrews 9.27 1.595
Revelation 14.13 1.592
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase